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The Maker Movement (Social Capital (Robert Putnam (author of bowling alone…

- - - - participatory website that's in pursuit of knowledge, information and truth
      - people can re-edit work of others
      - collaborator environment
    - - most-used online video platform
      - unlike television which is professional and complex
      - it's everyday people making handmade videos
      - Can't re-edit videos by someone else but can communicate through posting your own videos or leaving likes/comments
    - - encourage users to express their creativity
      - offers a framework for participation
      - agnostic about content
      - fostering community
- - - - Alan Watts
      - John Holt
      - Stewart Brand
    - - Rejection of the glossy, highly-produced, celebrity-oriented mainstream of popular culture
      - Amy Spencer DIY: The Rise of Lo-Fi Culture
      - Emphasis on content rather than style
  - - - He insists creative creations should be noticed and appreciated by influential people in the relevant field
- - - - Illich argued that uniform systems start causing more harm than good at a certain point
      - Schools, instead of providing education, become institutional system that become machines to deliver schooling
      - Schools trains pupils to depend on treatment offered by big institutions to be whole and prepares us for a lifetime under other institutions
        
        "cruelest manipulation is that they lead people to believe they are unable to do things for themselves and that the big institutional solution is the only legitimate one"
        (Making is Connecting, pg 105)
      - Illich said solution is create a new educational environment that helps people to learn things they want to learn about, when they want to
  - - - Generativity; the right and the opportunity to be creative (coined by Jonathan Zittrain)
      - Generative Technology; technology that allows you to do whatever you want, for yourself
  - - - World Wide Web; idea was any piece of online information could link to any other piece to allow maximum sharing of ideas and experiences
      - Web is a convivial tool when if it remain universal platform; people can join the conversation on a light level or deep level whenever
  - - - Tools for Conviviality intended to be pamphlet where Illich could discuss his general theory of tools.
      - Conviviality is about "being vigorously engaged in relationships, conscious of values and meanings; and it is about having the capacity to communicate yourself directly, and to create the things of your world yourself." (Making is Connecting, pg 106)
      - About the power to shape one's own world
      - it is also joyfulness which is lost when try to put everything into systems and institutions
- - - - Artist, art critic, social thinker, writer
      - Opposed industrialism and exploitative capitalism
      - Had attachment to values of communities, local-level organic production, care for the environment, and valuring all workers
      - Argued financial wealth that doesn't contribute to human happiness is no wealth at all
      - 1819-1900
    - - Admired the 'savagery' and 'rudeness' of Gothic style because it's loving embrace of humanity's imperfections
        
        It was 'thoughtful' work
        
        People making things with fixed specifications were 'slaves'
        
        Would have not opposed digital; loved the relationship of parts which formed a complex interwoven network
    - - Complex tasks broken down into stages with each worker responsible for production of one stage
        
        Alienation (Karl Marx)
        
        Ruskin believed it steals from worker the opportunity to create whole object and to put own creative mark on it
        
        Separating stages of production adds feeling of meaninglessness
        
        Thought work is vital because it connects man with nature and with God
  - - - 1834-1896
      - British designer, writer, activist
      - Mastered many creative techniques like embroidery, woodcuts, tapestry weaving, etc.
      - Founded Morris & Co and Kelmscott Press
      - Admired medieval Europe as example of pre-capitalist society built on community and craft
    - - Feared industrial capitalism diverted people's desires away from the natural love of nature, creativity and fresh air, etc
      - Recognized people have to 'make do' within a system which is not of their choosing
      - Ahead of his time when it came to environment and sustainability
      - Believed sharing of art in a community was part of society's life-blood
      - Claims creative work offers hope in three ways
        
        hope of rest - pleasueable feeling of job well done
        
        hope of product - achievement of having made something
        
        hope of pleasure in the work itself - conscious pleasure in the activity while its being engaged in
      - Understood genuine art to be 'the expression of man's pleasure in his handiwork'
- - - - Angry Activism
        
        Angry activism can lead to trouble and quick outbursts can create confrontation and conflict
        
        Angry actions can turn people away from joining your cause because you might be intimidating them without realizing it
      - Robotic Activism
        
        Scattered approach to activism rather than a focused one
        
        Engaging in activities activities without engaging deeply with the issue at hand
      - Gentleness
        
        To be thoughtful about actions, consider the most effective approach and keep an eye on details
        
        Self-control is key
        
        Protesting through compassion and empathy
        
        Using emotional intelligence to engage with others effectively
        
        kindness, decency, thoughfulness