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THE FIRST SETTLEMENTS IN GREAT BRITAIN (Anglo-Saxon (410) (THE ANGLO-SAXON…
THE FIRST SETTLEMENTS IN GREAT BRITAIN
Anglo-Saxon (410)
These were Germanic tribes of angels, saxons and jute
They spoke dialects of a language we now call: OLD ENGLISH
THE ANGLO-SAXON HEPTARCHY (660-8OO)
The Anglo-Saxon England was divided into seven kindgdoms:
kent, northumbria, east anglia, mercia, essex, wessex and sussex
ALFRED THE GREAT (871-900)
The king Afred united the Anglo-Saxon people against the Danes
The Danes maintained possession of the Danelaw but left Wessex undisturbed
900-924
Alfredo's son, Edward the Elder, reconquered the Danelaw
1066: THE LAST INVASION
Harold, the last Anglo-Saxon king, defeated the Vikings at the battle of Stamford Bridge in the north of England
1066
On 14th October 1066, defeated the Anglo-Saxons at the battle of Hastings
'William the Conqueror', duke of Normandy, ianded with an impressive army
Harold was killed and
THE
ANGLO-SAXON REIGN CAME TO AN END
1000 BCE
CELTIC
Celtic spoke a language more oldest than English
CELTIC EUROPE WAS DOMINATED BY THREE MAIN GROUPS:
The Britons
(Wales, Cornwall)
The Gaels
(Ireland, Scotland)
The Gauls
(northern France)
The religion of the Celtic people of Britain was: DRUIDISM
The sun god was the most important divinity
The Stonehenge have been connected with their workship of the sun
NORMANDY
1066-1087
William, Duke of Normandy, was crowened king in Westminster Abbey on Christmas Day 1066
The normans introduced the feudal system and built castels to defend their conquest
They brought their language:
NORMAN FRENCH
William I was succeeded by his son as William II, very impopular
The successor was
Henry I
, the first Norman king born in England and the first to speak English and French
Henry I died in 1135, was succeeded by his nephew Stephen, a weak king
On Stephen's death in 1154 the throne passed to Henry Plantagenet
(1154-1189) Henry II of Anjou
became the first king in the French Plantagenet line, he was a strong king and dominated most of France*
Henry II is remembered for
His quarrel with Thomas Becket, the Archbishop of Canterbury and henry is held responsible for Becket's murder in Canterbury Cathedral on 29th December 1170
His struggle with the power of the church
Henry II was succeeded by his son Richard in 1189.
He known as 'Richard the Lionheart' for his bravery and military abilities
He dead in 1199 and his younger brother John became king
1337-1453, THE HUNDRED YEARS' WAR
England was winning under the reign of Henry V and Edward III
But JOAN OF ARC led the French to victory and at the end of the conflict England only had the coastal city of CALAIS in France
WAS A WAR BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
The war wasn't continous, but there were several intervals
England wanted back it's French territories
793
,
VIKINGS RAIDS
Raids by seaborne Viking warriors began at the end of the eighth century
,
Vikings raiders attacked the monastery of Lindisfarne
1215, KING JOHN SIGNS
THE MAGNA CARTA
They forced the king to sign the Magna Carta at Runnymede near London. This important document established freedom under the rule of law for all men and declared that the king himself was subject to the law of the land
1348
THE BLACK DEATH
The black death, a plague which swept across Europe, arrived in England in 1348 wiping out half of the population
THE WAR OF THE ROSES
(1455-1485)
The conflit came to an end with the battle of Bosworth Field in 1485, Where Henry Tudor of Lancaster defeated the last of the York kings, RICHARD III
Henry VII became the first Tudor king and united the two families through marriage
The new Tudor dinasty brought:
Growth to England
And marked the end of the MEDIEVAL PERIOD
A period of strength
After the foreign wars, England was torn by the quarrelling over the crown between two branches of the Plantagenet royal family:
THE HOUSE OF YORK, the simbol is white rose
THE HOUSE OF LANCASTER, the simbol is red rose
43 CE
THE ROMAN
Roman Britain included present-day England and Wales
The Romans conquered the island under Emperor Cladius (43-54 c. CE)
The Romans built walls to defend Britain with the emperor Hadrian
Hadrian's Wall marking the northernmost frontier of the Roman Empire
The Romans brought their civilisation to Britain
They buildings towns, roads, stone villas and aqueducts
They also brought their language and religion
LATIN
CHRISTIANITY