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Hardware and operating system (Computer language and function (Units of…
Hardware and operating system
Computer language and function
Units of information
The smallest unit of information is a bit wich is a abrevatory of binary system.
Eight bits toghether form a byte and different multiples are used to alacenate information.
Binary system
When we communicate or memonse a sentence or make calculations we use a lot of different symbols, sounds and images. Computers only use the numbers 0 and 1.
Units of information storage
Kibibyte
Mebibyte
Gigibyte
Tebibyte
Megabyte
Gigabyte
Kilobyte
Terabyte
ASCII
We give a code to each of the letters of the alphabet, and to the charaters computers use so this way we can store them. These codes consist of the figures 1 and 0. ASCII (the American Standard Code for Information Interchange) uses 7 bus tu store up to 128 different characters.
Computers functions
We use the name hardware for the physical components of the computer system that we use and those we can touch and move. Software programs refer to the data and the instructions we use to manage that data.
Computers carry out four different functions
Output of data using peripheral devices.
Storing data in the storage devices.
Input of data using peripheral devices.
Processing data in the central processing uitt (CPU) using the microprocessor and the memory.
When we use a computer to do calculations, change the font of a text or change the colours in a picture, we are processing information.
Computer elements
Microprocessor
Computer history is very closely liked to the development of integrated circuits or chips. The microprocessor is an integrated circuit made up of millions of tiny transistors working together to process the instructions and data received from the memory.
Today's microprocessor can pass 64 bits at a time.
The clock rate acts the pace at which processes are cornplanter The clock unusually generates electric» el impulse.
The clock rate acts the pace at which processes are completed.
Today's microprocessor can process 64 bits at a time.
A microprocesor's power also depends on its cache memory and the speed at which it communicates with the RAM.
Memory and units of storage
RAM
Random access memory
Cache memory
Storage information that microprocessor use more often.
ROM BIOS
Initial check is carry out by this.
Storage devices
Is the permanent storage of data
Magnetiic disks
Optical discs
Solid-state memory (flash)
Motherboard and connecting devices
Inside the computer you' ll find a large board ; called the motherboard. All the other components are conected to it. It's like a miniature city. The different components are the buildings, the buses or the cars. It's includes:
Slots
IDE
Chipset
Various input / output ports
Connecting external devices
Phisically connect
Special connectors on the motherboard.
Using external ports outside the computer
Expanding slot on the motherboard
Drivers
Asistente para agregar hardware
Informe sobre nuevos dispositivos (Hermes)
Administrador de dispositivos
Gestor de dispositivos
Software and operating system
Operating system
Manages the system resources
Files
Folders
Functions
Provides an interface or a workiing space
Provides communications between applications and peripheral devices
Manage memory and storage systems
Manage the microprocessor
Applications
Presentations
Database management tools
Drawing problems
Spreadsheets
Word processor
Programming languages
Used for made new programs or apps.
Operating system
and sharing resources
Windows
Operating system
Installing and unistalling programs
Hard disk maintenance
Cleaning the hard disc
Detecting and reparing errors
Saving power
System updates
Defragmenting the hard disc
System updates
Sharing resources
Sharing a printer
Sharing files and folders
Linux
Operating system
How to keep your system up to date
Installing and unistalling programs
Sharing resources
Sharing a computer
Sharing a printer
Sharing folders
Computer networks
Is a set of computers connected one to each other. It can be classified in:
LAN's
Ring
Star
Linear
Metropolitan area networks
Wide area networks
Elements in a network
Adaptor or network card
The hub
Transmission medium
Wireless networks
Use electromagnetic waves to transmit data.
Shared Internet access
Router
ICS
+Energy
By two ways
