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Management Skills, Management Skills (Communicating (Internal…
Management Skills
Management Skills
Communicating
Definition
The exchange of information between two or more parties.
Formal Communicationn
planned and carries out through the channels of communication
Informal Communication
information passed through an informal network
Internal Communication
Methods
Email
Notice Board
Intercom
Meetings
Memos
Intranet
Upward communication - employees report up the chain of command
Downward communication - information is sent down from management to employees
Horizontal communication - communication between people at the same level
Stakeholders
Managers
Employees
External Communication
Methods
Email
Video Conferencing
Telephone
Letter
Report
Website
Presentations
Stakeholders
Consumers
Investors
Government
Local Community
Suppliers
Principles of effective communication
Accuracy
Appropriate Language
Preparation
Confidentiality
Feeedback
Methods of Communication
Verbal
Advantages
Fast Communciation
Repeat the message
Personal Connection
Powerful Impact
Methods
Face to face conversations
Intercom
Video Conferencing
Telephone Calls
Meetings
Presentations
Disadvantages
No records
Not listening
Lack of preparations
Message Length
Written
Methods
Social Media
Letter
Email
Memo
Report
Business Website
Disadvantages
Slow Feedback
Security
Cost
Delayed Decision Making
Advantages
Record
Reference
Speed
Accurate
Visual
Methods
Break - even chart
Line Graph
Bar Chart
Pie Chart
Pictogram
Business Website
Advantages
Easy to understand
Easy to recall
Presentation
Disadvantages
Cost
Cannot be used alone
Over-use
Meetings
Informal Meeting
Unplanned and no set agenda
Formal Meeting
venue, time and agenda are pre planned
Notice - an invitation for people to attend the meeting
Agenda - A list of items to be discussed at the meeting
Rasons for Meetings
Sharing Information
Decision Making
Problem Solving
Key People
Chairperson
Roles
Closes the meeting
Runs the meeting
Notice and Agenda
Opens the meet ing
Calls for votes
Characteristics
Unbiased
Knowledgeable
Good Time Management
Good Communicator
Secretary
Roles
Arranges the venue
Notice and Agenda typed
Records minutes
Correspondance
Assists the chairperson
Characteristics
Organised
Discreet
Good at summarising
Leading
Autocratic
Features
Authority - autocratic leaders have total control. They give orders
Decision Making - autocratic leaders do not consult
Trust - They do not trust employees
Motivation - Threats are used as a form of motivation
Advantages
Quick decision making
Quick task completion
Improved Productivity
Disadvantages
Management stress
Staff Motivation
Industrial Action
Lassiez Faire
Features
Authority - leader set goals and allow staff to decide how to reach the goals
Decision Making - Employees empowered to make decisions
Trust - leaders trust employees to work independantly without close supervision
Motivation - employees are highly motivated
Advantages
Employee Motivation
Improved Skills and Knowledge
Intrapreneurship
Disadvantages
Reduced Productivity
Poor Decisions
Poor industrial relations
Strong Leader
Clearly communicates
Motivates Employees
Sets examples
Delegates Tasks
Democratic
Features
Authority - Delegates tasks to employees.
Decision Making - employees included in decision making
Trust - Trust is given the employees and they feel empowered
Motivation - employees are motivated as they feel valued
Advantages
Future promotion
Employee motivation
Increased entrepreneurship
Disadvantages
Slow decision making
Frustrated employees
Management resentment
Delegation
Requirements
Open Communication
Employee Skills and Experience
Managerial Control
Advantages
Management Workload
Increased Employee Motivation
Management Training
Disadvantages
Employee Stress
Poor Decision Making
Employee Resentment
Overall Benefits
Achieving organisational goals
Management of time
Increased employee motivation
Supporting change
Straff recruitment and retention
Motivating
Definition
Motivation is a willingness to do something
Theories
Mc Gregors Theory
Theory X
Beliefs
Employees dislike work
employees avoid taking responsibility
employees lack ambition
employees are motivated by money
Theory X managers use autocratic leadership styles
Implications
Demotivated workforce
Poor time management
High labour turnover
Low quality goods and services
Theory Y
Beliefs
Employees like to work hard
Employees want to take extra responsibility
Employees are ambitious
Employees are motivated by financial and non financial rewards
Theory Y managers use lassiez faire leadership style
Implications
Motivated workforce
Management time
Low Labour turnover
High quality goods and services
Advantages
Employee motivation
Recruitment and Selection
Improved Industrial Relations
Limitations
Unrealistic
High Staff Turnover
Less Entrepreneurship
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
Needs
Physiological Needs
Fair wage, bonus payment, profit sharing schemes
Safety Needs
Long term contracts, health insurance cover, safe working environment
Social Needs
Flexitime, teamwork, social events
Esteem Needs
Praise work, provide job titles, individual office space
Advantages
Rewards
Changing employee needs
Management positions
Limitations
Individual Needs
Self-Actualisation
Value of needs
Importance
Improve productivity
Less staff turnover
Less absenteeism
Better business reputation
Less industrial relation conflict