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Reproduction in plants (Germination (Seed contains a plant embryo,…
Reproduction in plants
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Fertilisation
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Pollen grain forms a pollen tube
–> grows down through the tissue of the style and into the ovary
–> curves around to enter the opening in an ovule
–> tip of tube dissolves, allowing pollen grain nucleus to move out of the tube and into the ovule
–> fertilises ovum nucleus
Seed and fruit formation
Once fertilisation takes place changes take place in the ovule and ovary
=> ovule becomes a seed, ovary becomes a fruit
- zygote develops into an embryonic plant with radicle (small root) and plumule (shoot)
- other contents of the ovule develop into a food store for the young plant when the seed germinates
- the ovule wall becomes the seed coat, KA testa
- the ovary wall becomes the fruit coat – can take many forms depending on the type of fruit
Germination
Seed contains a plant embryo, consisting:
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Food store is used up, providing nutrients to allow radicle and plumule to grow
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Cotyledons
Dicots – plants with 2 cotyledons
eg. peas, beans
–> food stored in cotyledons as protein and starch
Monocots – have one cotyledon
eg. orchids, irises
–> have separate food store of starch
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Seeds dispersed from parent plant contain 10% water
=> restricts metabolism so it can remain alive but dormant for a long time
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