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Structure and Bonding (Types of Bonding (Covalent bonding is the sharing…
Structure and Bonding
Types of Bonding
Ionic bonding is the overall attraction in a lattice and is made up of attraction between ions of different charge and repulsion between ions of the same charge
Covalent bonding is the sharing of pairs of electrons. In covalent bonding, there is a balance between the repulsive forces between nuclei and the attractive forces between the nuclei and the electrons.
Dative covalent bonding is covalent bonding in which one pair of bonding electrons come from the same atom
Metallic bonding arises from the electrostatic attraction between positively charged metal ions and the "sea'' of delocalised electrons
Giant Metallic
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They have generally high melting points (except mercury), are hard but malleable, conduct electricity, and are insoluble in water and non-polar solvents
Giant metallic structures can conduct electricity because there are delocalised electrons which can move and carry charge
Giant Ionic
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They have high melting/boiling points, are hard but brittle, conduct when molten/dissolved in water, are often soluble in water and are insoluble in non-polar solvents
Giant Covalent Network
There are strong covalent bonds; the attraction of the nuclei of atoms and shared pairs of electrons
They have very high melting/boiling points, are very hard (if 3D), do not conduct electricity (apart from graphite), and are insoluble in water and non-polar solvents
Simple Molecular
There are weak intermolecular bonds between molecules, but intramolecular covalent bonds
They have typically low melting/boiling points, are soft, do not conduct electricity, are usually insoluble in water and are usually soluble in non-polar solvents
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