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matter structure (atomic structure (symbol (Ar (MS (working theory…

- - - - ionization energy
        
        successive I.E.
        
        trend
        
        reason
        
        graph evidence
        
        definition
        
        calculate formula
        
        first I.E.
        
        trend
        
        reason
        
        exception
        
        N, P
        
        reason: half full configuration
        
        graph evidence (向右上逐渐变大；硫比磷低，因为不是full configuration；同族越来越低，因为effective nucleus charge没变)
        
        definition
      - emission spectra
        
        spectrum
        
        line spectrum: hydrogen spectrum
        
        explanation
        
        UV light (返回n=1层)
        
        visible light (返回n=2层)
        
        IR (返回n=3层)
        
        continuous spectrum
        
        electromagnetic spectrum
      - electronic configuration
        
        aufbau (先低能级后高能级) and hund's rule (先挤满空的轨道)
        
        form
        
        full electronic configuration
        
        neutral atom
        
        ions
        
        orbital boxes
        
        orbital
        
        shape
        
        symbol: spdf
    - - neutron
      - proton
  - - - calculation
      - MS
        
        construction
        
        working theory
        
        ionization
        
        acceleration
        
        vapourization
        
        deflection
        
        detection
        
        smaller mass, larger charge, then larger rotation degree, smaller radium