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Long bones (epiphysis (ends & tips of a bone which ossify from
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Long bones
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metaphysis
the epiphysial ends of the diaphysis
are called metaphysis
is the zone of active growth
before epiphysial fusion, the metaphysis is richly supplied
with blood through end arteries
forming 'hair pin' bends
this is a common site for osteomyelitis because
bacteria or emboli is easily trapped in hair pin ends
causing infarction
after epiphysial fusion
, vascular communications are established
between the metaphysial & epiphysial arteries
now metaphysis has no end arteries
& cannot cause osteomyelitis nowity
physis
seperates epiphysis frm metaphysis
proliferation of cells in this cartilagenous plate
is responsible for the lengthwise growth of the long bone
after the epiphysial fusion the bone can no longer grow in length
is nourished by both the epiphysial & metaphysial arteries
diaphysis
is the tubular shaft
that runs betw the proximal & distal
ends of the bone
has a hollow region inthe middle
called the medullary cavity
which cantains yellow marrow
walls are composed of
dense & hard
compact bone
cancellous bone
is spongy or trabacular bone
is open in texture
is made up of a meshwork of trabeculae(rods & plates
betw which are marrow containing spaces
trabecular meshwork types
1.meshwork of rods
2.meshwork of rods & plates
3.meshwork of plates
cancellous bone is an adaptation to compressive forces
compact bone
is dense in texture like ivory
but is extremely porous
is best developed in the cortex of long bones
this is an adaptation to bending & twisting forces
(a combination of compression, tension & shear
their length is greater than their breath
have a tubular shaft
the diaphysis
& an epiphysis at each end
during growing phase,diaphysis is seperated
from epiphysis by an epiphyseal cartilage(plate
adjacent to diaphysis lies metaphysis
shaft has a central marrow
cavity containing marrow
outer part is composed of
compact bone
thats covered by a connective tissue sheath
the periosteum
ends are composed of cancellous bone
surrounded by a thin layer of compact bone
the ends are articular surfaces covered
by hyalin cartilage