Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
12 markers : Quotes and Examples and definitions (Religions only)…
12 markers : Quotes and Examples and definitions
(Religions only)
Christianity
Beliefs and teachings
Nature of God
Omnipotence
'And God said ,'let there be light,' and there was light'
Loving
'God so loved the world that he gave his one and only son'
Just
10 commandments : 'Do not kill'
Oneness of God and the Holy Trinity
'Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptising them in the name of the Father, the Son, and of the Holy Spirit'
Evil exists so God cannot
Evil
The oposite of good, a force or personification of a negative power
Agree (God doesn't exist)
A loving God wouldn't allow for pointless suffering
William Rowe's fawn
God would only inflict or allow suffering where there is a greater good to be achieved, if he was loving
Fawn : Objectively better to prevent suffering - it doesn't prevent good nor create a greater evil
If God was loving - 0 pointless suffering in world, yet there is such as genocide
Inconsistent triad
Omnipotence + Omniscience, knows all instances and has power
If he were loving as defined Bible - patient kind and persevering, he wouldn't want us to suffer
If God was loving - 0 suffering
Disagree (God does exist)
God would allow suffering to exist as it helps to better people
St Irenaeus : When humans respond positively to suffering, it helps us to grow spritiually and morally, we learn how to make morally correct decisions
Likely to be accepted into heaven
Therefore God can still be loving, as this is what a loving God would want for us. The suffering/evil present is negated by the insurmountable greater good
Strive towards God's likeness
He didn't create suffering
St Augustine : God created a world devoid of evil
Gave humans and angels the blessing of free will (because he is loving), and through their own actions they introduced decay and sin into the world
Adam and Eve ate from forbidden 'tree of knowledge of good and evil'
Didn't resist Satan's temptation
Disobeyed God
Threatened God's position as judge with their knowledge
This shows that God is still loving, as if he had stopped them, he would be taking the gift he had given them (free will)
And therefore he had to allow the suffering to exist as the consequence
Justified Conclusion
Suffering doesn't always better people, some end in death, particularly miscarriages are pointless suffering which a loving God wouldn't allow
Even if he didn't create it, he still actively allows it to exist to this day
Therefore my view is most persuasive
Creation
Are Genesis and Big Bang theory compatible
Agree
They follow a similar timeline
Myth view - Genesis isn't a scientific account, only explain religious truths, so doesn't contradict with big bang theory
7 stages
Both agree on the beginning of the universe
Scientists suggest nothing happened before universe, coinciding with Genesis 'In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.'
Disagree
Big Bang Theory isn't possible
Fundamentalist view - Genesis is infallible and cannot be wrong , God created light , not the Big Bang
The events directly contradict
There can't have been light before the sun, as all light in our solar system is from that star
Justified Conclusion
According to the non-literal and myth view, Genesis is a religious story/myth which has the purpose of revealing religious truths, not showing what actually happened in the creation of the universe
And God said, 'let there be light,' and there was light
'the Word was with God, and the Word was God'
'without him nothing was made that has been made.'
Jesus Christ and Salvation
The Incarnation
Do the stories of Incarnation prove that Jesus was the Son of God?
Justified Conclusion
God is omnipotent and has many natures which contradict such as being transcendent and immanent, so it is fully possible for Jesus the Son of God to be similar in that nature
Jesus wasn't omniscient as at the incarnation he willingly became fully human, so had to give up some of his divine knowledge (temporarily)
Agree
The stories of incarnation are supported by evidence of Jesus performing miracles
Walking on water, turning water into wine
The Bible is infallible
It is the word of God, a voice from heaven said 'You are my Son'
Disagree
Human and Divine cannot co-exist
Human is limited, God is omnipotent
Some stories in the Bible about Jesus suggest he doesn't know everything
When Jesus talks to his disciples about the end of the world he says that no-one knew what would happen
Means of salvation
Both
'O foolish man... faith without works is dead'
'But if it is by grace, it is no longer on the basis of works, otherwise grace is no longer grace'
Only through grace
'The one who believes in me will live, even though they die' - said by Jesus
'He saved us, not on the basis of deeds... but according to His mercy'
Beliefs in resurrection
Evidence supporting
John Hick Replica Theory (Bodily resurrection)
People are given a new immortal body when resurrected, does not age or decay
All four gospel accounts share the same details meaning they are reliable
e.g. Mary Magdalene is said to be witness to the resurrection on all four counts
Problems with belief
No evidence of a physical place for the physical body to exist, no evidence of the physical existence of heaven (Bodily resurrection)
Heaven is an undetectable place to humans who are still alive
No evidence for the existence of immortal souls (Spiritual resurrection)
Soul is an undetectable substance to humans and their medical equipment
Sin and Original Sin
'For I have come to call not the righteous but sinners'
'if your right hand causes you to sin, cut it off and throw it away'
Practices
Pilgrimage
Importance
Disagree
Spiritual growth can be achieved through other means
Not everyone can afford it
A fair/just God wouldn't make it important
Agree
Benefits of pilgrimage are greater than just prayer and attending church
Broadening of horizons and cementing of beliefs
Opportunity for spiritual growth and to praise/thank God
Specifically sets aside time for activities such as meditation and contemplation
Miracles such as healing at Lourdes cement belief
Baptism
Which is more important
Believer's baptism
Should be a personal decision as it is a life-long dedication to Jesus Christ and the way of God
'pledge of a clear conscience toward God'
Jesus was an adult when he was baptised
Infants are too young to have sins so the informed consent of believer's baptism is more important
Also absolves of moral sin, comitted in this lifetime
Infant baptism
Enables the child to receive other sacraments where appropriate, as they are formally intergrated into the church
Original sin is absolved as soon as possible, enabling the child to have longer to learn to become a good Christian, also enables heaven
If the infant were to die unbaptised, they wouldn't go to heaven
'Except a man be born of water and of the Spirit, he cannot enter into the kingdom of God'
Mission
'proclaim the good news to the whole creation'
Islam
Beliefs and teachings
Predestination (Al-Qadr)
Pre-destination and free will can not coexist
Agree
Free will means to be able to choose freely between two or more options, and predestination reduces the choices to one option
Give analogy of starting with two choices
Free will has to exist as the Day of Judgement exists
Not fair to judge someone for choices they didn't choose ; Allah is fair
Disagree
God is benevolent, so He can allow for Free Will but wouldn't allow unnecessary harm to occur
'God does not change the condition of a people for the worse'
Sunni belief that there is still free choice in how we react to the predestined actions, and that is what we are judged by
Soul is asked 'what was your life like'
Life after Death (Akirah)
'Of the good that they do, nothing will be rejected of them'
Heaven (Jannah)
'They will be adorned therein with braceletes of gold and pearl'
Hell (Jahannam)
'They will dwell amid scorching wind and scalding water in the shadow of black smoke'
Tahwid
''Say, He is God the One, God the eternal. He begot no one, nor was He begotten. No one is comparable to Him''
Shahadah : 'There is no God but Allah and Muhammad is His prophet'
'Belief in the Oneness of Allah is all it takes to be a Muslim' Evaluate
J/C
Disagree
There is much more to Islam than just beliefs
Does not teach all the core and fundamental beliefs/concepts to Islam
There are many sources of authority as shown in six articles of faith
Disagree
Belief alone is insufficient, they must also be acted upon
To be a Muslim means to be a follower, not only a believer of the religion
Pray 5 times a day
Daily recital of Shahadah
You must also understand the nature of Allah to be a Muslim
Many of Allah's traits can not be known from the fact that He is only one God
For example, beneficence, fairness, justice
Knowing difference between right or wrong enables you to be a Muslim
Agree
Belief in Oneness of Allah prevents Muslims from sinning
If Shirk is the greatest sin, Tawhid is therefore the most important basic belief
Shirk is the gravest sin, which they are avoiding through practised belief in Tawhid, which enables them to live the sinless life necessary to be a Muslim
Tawhid can indirectly teach all that is needed to be a Muslim (God's natures)
Oneness can lead to a belief in all the nature's of Allah, such as omnipotence and immanence
Believing in Allah's Oneness, would encourage you to believe that only He could be the creator, as He is the only God
Angels
'They celebrate His praises night and day'
'Each person has angels, before him and behind, watching over him by God's command'
Allah's natures
Fair
''Every soul will be compensated for what it earned, and they will not be treated unjustly
Just
'O you who believe! Stand out firmly for justice as witnesses to Allah'
Merciful
'Do not despair of the mercy of Allah. Indeed, Allah forgives all sins'
Beneficent
'Do they not see the birds above them... None upholds them except the Most Beneficent'
Omnipotence / omniscience
'He who is the All Knowing, the All Powerful, able to do anything'
Transcendent
'No vision can grasp Him... He is above all comprehension'
Immanent
'He is closer to you than your jugular vein'
Prophets
Adam
'He taught Adam all the names [of things]'
Ibrahim
'God took Abraham as a friend'
Muhammad
'He is God's Messenger and the seal of the prophets'
Practices
More important, Jummah or Salah?
Jummah
Friday is a holiday in Muslim countries
Whole day dedicated to it
Special attention given to Jummah
Sermon which teaches a moral story and is more vital to guiding a Muslim
Can not be performed individually
Develops concept of brotherhood as it gives opportunity for people to meet and socialise
Salah
Jummah does not take precedence over Salah, Salah still occurs on Fridays
Salah is part of the 5 pillars and performed daily