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RE - Islam : Practices (Worship (Salah (prayer) (Jummah (Special communal…

- - - - Declaration of faith
      - 'There is no God but Allah and Muhammad is the Prophet of Allah'
      - Shows belief in Tahwid, foundation of other 4 pillars
      - Repeating daily shows obedience and dedication to God
        
        Recited in the call to prayer (adhan)
    - - Praying five times a day
    - - Charitable giving
    - - Fasting, especially during the holy month of Ramadan
    - - Pilgrimage
  - - - 20% tax, half goes to charity, and half to religious leaders
    - - The struggle to maintain the faith and defend Islam
      - Both greater and lesser Jihad
    - - Encouraging people to do what is good
    - - Discouraging people from doing what is wrong
    - - Not associating with the enemies of God
    - - Showing love for God and people who follow him
  - - - Ritual washing before prayer (wudu) either with water or with sand and dust
        
        'Spiritually clean' and helps Muslims to full focus on God in their prayers
      - Facing the direction of the city of Makkah
        
        Mihrab indicates the direction of Makkah
        
        This is a small niche in the qiblah walla
        
        Or a special compass can be used
        
        All Muslims are focusing on one place associated with God
    - - Follows actions of
        
        Standing and reciting Qur'an
        
        Bowing
        
        Shows respect
        
        Standing and making a recitation
        
        Prostrating
        
        Shows complete obedience to God
        
        Reciting while sitting and then while prostrating
    - - Special communal prayer held every Friday at midday
      - All men must attend
      - Imam will give a sermon afterwrads, reminding Muslims about their duties to God
    - - Unites Muslims around the world, as they all pray in the same way
      - Reminds Muslims that God is greater than them
    - - Jummah
        
        Friday is a holiday in Muslim countries
        
        Whole day dedicated to it
        
        Special attention given to Jummah
        
        Sermon which teaches a moral story and is more vital to guiding a Muslim
        
        Can not be performed individually
        
        Develops condcept of brotherhood as it gives opportunity for people to meet and socialise
      - Salah
        
        Jummah does not take precedence over Salah, Salah still occurs on Fridays
        
        Salah is part of the 5 pillars and performed daily
- - - - Mentioned in Qur'an
        
        Therefore fasting is obeying Allah
      - Following the example of Muhammad
    - - It was during Ramadan - the ninth month of the Islamic calendar was revealed to Muhammad
    - - Abstain from food and drink
      - Get up before sunrise to eat and drink enough to get them through to sunset
      - Extra prayers and readings from the Qur'an after evening meal
      - Not smoke or copulate
    - - Allows them to empathise with those who go hungry, the less fortunate, and may inspires them to pay charity or invite others to share evening meal with them
      - Allah gives them strength to overcome hunger
      - Reminds them that Allah first gave the Qur'an during this month
      - Cleanses the soul, and practices self restraint from material possessions
        
        Muhammad said 'All sins are forgiven for those who fast'
    - - Health reasons
        
        Pregnant women
        
        Mothers nursing babies
        
        Children
        
        Those who are ill
        
        Women who are on their periods
    - - The night in which the verses of the Qur'an were revealed to the Prophet Muhammad
        
        (NOT special revelation!!!)
  - - - Golden Rule : 'None of you truly believe until he wishes for his brothers what he wishes for himself' Prophet Muhammad
      - 'Alms are meant for the poor, the needy'
    - - Response to Qur'an instruction 'Whatever you give should be for ... the needy and travlellers. God is well aware of whatever good you do'
        
        Later worked out to be 2.5% by Muslims scholars
    - - Only Muslims with savings greater than a certain figure are required to give Zakah
      - Zakah can be donated directly to a charity or put into a collection box in the mosque to be distributed among the poor
    - - In Shi'a Islam
      - Refers to the excess income or earnings that a Shi'a Muslim makes
        
        Instead of spoils of war as it used to mean
    - - Prayer should make Muslims feel cocncern for others
        
        Zakah puts this into action
      - Giving Zakah is a sign of a true Muslim
    - - Giving money and time to charity at ANY point in the year, and isn't compulsory
  - - - Festival of sacrifice which lasts for three days and takes place at the end of the Hajj
      - It reminds Muslims of Allah asking Ibrahim to sacrifice his son Ismael
        
        Proved his faith and submission to Allah, who provided a sheep in his sons place
        
        Encouraged to make their own sacrifices and remember Allah's importance and centrality in their fatih
      - In the UK
        
        Animal sacrifice is not possible
        
        Muslims need to arrange for an animal to be sacrificed for them by a halal butcher
    - - The celebration at the end of Ramadan, marking the ending of fasting
      - Families and friends comes together to hold parties and eat together, wearing new clothes and decorating their houses
      - Thanking Allah for giving Muslims the ability and willpower to fast
      - It is a time to ask for forgiveness and practise empathy for those who are not as fortunate - many pay Zakah at this time
      - In the UK
        
        Usually just a day, taken off
    - - Shi'a Muslims
        
        Commemorate the martyrdom of Husayn in battle
        
        Day of mourning
        
        Celebrated by
        
        Plays about Husayn's death
        
        Some may choose to whip themselves to remember his martyrdom
      - Sunni Muslims
        
        Day of repentance for sins
        
        Celebrated by
        
        Some may fast
        
        Commemorate the prophet Nuhb's (Noah) being able to leave the Ark after the flood and Musa leading his people out of Egypt