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diet and nutrition (deficiency diseases (vitamin C - scurvy (symptoms…
food groups
macromollecules
carbohydrates
source of energy
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digested in the mouth and small intestines, absorbed as glucose
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fats/lipids
source of energy, storage and insulation
digested in small intestines, absorbed as fatty acids and glycerol
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fibre
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provides bulk, preventing constipation and colon cancer
water
is a solvent, so can help transport substances
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vitamins
vitamin c
found in citrus fruits and leafy greens, prevents scurvy
vitamin d
found in eggs and oily fish, the human body can make it when exposed to sunlight, prevents rickets
minerals
calcium
found in eggs, dairy products, and leafy greens
iron
found in liver, red meat, nuts and beans, and dried fruit
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key words
a balanced diet
provides all the nutrients needed to carry out life processes, in the correct amounts
if someone does not have a balanced diet, they are malnourished
energy needs
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age, gender, and activity level are factors that affect energy requirements
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the energy of food can be measured by burning it under cold water and seeing how much it raises the temperature of the water by