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[CDPS] G2 - (PR) Chapter11 - Policy: How platform should (and should not)…

- - - - balanced internal governance systems
      - external regulatory regimes
- - - - 1) establish & enforce after-the-fact transparency requirements (mobile dispatch, e-hailing, e-payments- Uber)
        
        Equity, access, performance & safety
      - 2) taking advantage of vast new data flows
        
        online businesses & platforms
        
        new systems (economic activity)
        
        reduce costs, inertia
        encourage innovation
        
        enhanced transparency
  - - - 1) The role of Public Policy
        ( Heli Koski & Tobias Kretschmer)
        
        minimize market inefficiencies
      - 2) Testing government regulatory action
        ( David S.Evans)
        
        Examining internal governance system
        
        Reducing negative externalities & competition
        Taking advantage of a dominant market position
        
        Asking whether anticompetitive behavior outweighs the governance system positive benefits
  - - - government agencies
      - existing statutory codes
      - design wisely- to fully protect public
- - - - Others are difficult to break into the top listings
        
        startup business have no transactions history to raise their page ranks
      - Offer category exclusivity in exchange for their support
        
        Ex: Computer game console market
      - Acquired the crucial producers
    - - Example
        
        Microsoft forking JAVA
        
        Android has split into open and proprietary versions
    - - Excess inertia
        
        Prevent the adaption of new technologies
        
        Government might intervene
      - Different comment from authors of this book
        
        The policies that limit competition among developers can benefit customers in the long run by fostering higher rates of innovations
        
        Short-term micro-patent
        
        Preferred partner strategy
  - - - Predatory pricing
        
        Use low price first , finally sell high price when they become monopoly
    - - Platform still can earn profit from another side even they serve one side for free
    - - Google's search：manipulate search service
      - Amazon： facing scrutiny over its role in the book market
  - - - Individual information be stolen and misuse problem
        
        Data-driven marketing
        
        cross marketing
      - Combine with regulatory action, court rulings, industry self-regulation to face this issue
  - - - Emotional status can be transferred to others via emotional contagion
      - It may be one of the ways to manipulate the election
    - - Illustrating an illusion of high demand or fast delivery
      - Shaping perception of users toward what they want
  - - - To avoid legal and ethical responsibility
      - Unacceptable in perspective of regulators of protecting workers welfare
  - - - Central producer
      - Point of consumption
        
        Substantial impact of economy and politics
    - - Lobbying
      - Benefit exchange
        
        To against tax collection requirement
  - - - Operational inefficiency
      - Less effective of commercial ads - EU Privacy Laws
- - - - case: Airbnb
        
        case: Monkey Parking
        
        vacate parking spaces by
        auctioning off the empty places to :silhouettes:
- - - - Existed
        
        Thwart innovation
        
        Block competition
      - Eliminated
        
        Society and economy will benefit
    - - Market participants will act to influence regulation in their own interests, often making the underlying market problems worse rather than better
    - - Uber :taxi: