a general, non-specific response to tissue damage which can result from a variety of causes

causes include: heat, chemicals, cuts, sunburns, abrasions, and pathogens

characterized by redness (rubor), heat, swelling, and pain

produce redness and localized heat associated with inflammation

forms when the processes of blood clotting following damage to a blood vessel triggers conversion of a plasma protein into a peptide

are released by macrophages; use toll-like receptors and NOD proteins

both leukotrienes and histamines help contribute to the edema inflammation

bradykinin and histamine cause vd of the body's smallest arteries; result in more blood going to the site of infection; brings more phagocytes, oxygen, and nutrician

prostaglandins and leukotrienes make the venules more penetrable/ permeable; leaves gaps in the wall and phagocytes can move into the damaged tissue and fight off the invaders

when permeability is high it allows delivery of more bloodborne antimicrobial chemicals to the site

fluids end up leaking from these areas and settles in the surrounded tissue giving you edema; the edema puts pressure on the nerve endings and causes pain

delivering fibrinogen causes clots to form at the infection site which helps wall off the area and prevents pathogens and toxins from spreading

a possible pus formation, made up of dead tissue cells, leukocytes, and pathogens, can push up towards the surface and erupt or it can remain isolated and the body may absorb it in a few days

pus being absorbed can cause an abscess- pimples, boils, and pustules

To treat antihistamines you have to use a blocking histamine receptor

Aspirin and ibuprofen can reduce pain because it prevents the synthesis of prostaglandins

phagocytes are attracted to the site of infection by chemotactic factors including C5a, leukotrienes, microbial components, and toxins

Once monocytes leave the blood they are called macrophages; macrophages devour pathogens and dead neutrophils; a major component of pus.