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radiation (types (beta (when emitted (atomic number up 1, atomic mass…
radiation
types
beta
b
electron created and emitted by nucleus
when emitted
atomic number up 1
atomic mass unchanged
stopped by thin sheet of meal
air range of 1 meter
gamma
y
when emitted
mass no change
atomic number no change
stopped by thick lead
unlimited range in air
consists of electromagnetic radiation
alpha
stopped by paper/thin piece of card
2 protons+ 2 neutrons
a
when emitted
mass number down 4
atomic number down 2
travel few centimetres in air
radioactive sources emit all three types
uses
medicine
smoke alarms
thickness monitoring
measuring
Geiger counter
made up of detector called Geiger-Muller tube
becquerels
half lives
radioactive substance contains unstable nuclei that become stable by emitting radiation
radioactive decay is a random event
ionisation is a living cell that can damage or kill the cell