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Rates of Reaction (Measuring RR (If gas produced (Collect in gas syringe,…
Rates of Reaction
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Factors affecting RR
Four main factors
Concentration of liquid reactants, or pressure of gaseous reactants
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Collision Theory
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- Reacting particles must collide
- They must collide with sufficient energy (KA activation energy)
- They must collide with the correct orientation (not all collisions are successful)
- RR depends on the number of successful collisions per second
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Temperature
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Increased temperature
=> particles have more kinetic energy
=> etc.
=> more particles have sufficient activation energy
=> a greater proportion of collisions will be successful
=> etc.
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Catalysts
A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being used up in the overall reaction
Its mass is the same at the beginning and end of the reaction, whereas reactants and products will continually change
A catalyst provides an alternative pathway for a reaction with a lower activation energy
=> a greater proportion of collisions will be successful
=> etc.
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Enzymes
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Are much more effective than inorganic catalysts but are highly specific – one enzyme will catalyse one reaction
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Calculating RR
Will always start at a maximum, when concentrations of reactants are highest
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