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HARDWARE AND OPERATING SYSTEM (Computer functions (Output (peripheral…
HARDWARE AND OPERATING SYSTEM
Computer languaje and fuction
binary system
the smallest unit of information that we can store on a computer
ASCII
we give a code to each of the letters of the alphabet,and to the characters computers use,so that we can store them .This codes consist of the figures
Computer functions
Output
peripheral devices
storing
storage devices
input
peripheral devices
processing
microprocessor and the memory
when we use a computer to do calculations ,change the font of a text or change the colours ,we are processing information
Computer elements
Memory and units of storage
Cache memory
RAM cannot work at the same speed as the microprocessor ,so much faster memory is installed between the RAM and the microprocessor:the cache memory
ROM BIOS
When you turn on your computer ,it automatically checks the system
RAM
The computers main memory is its RAM [random acces memory].When we run an application ,its intructions and data are copied to this memory so that the microprocessor can use them
Motherboard and connecting devices
IDE(integrated device electronics) o ATA (advanced technology attachment) and SATA(serial ATA)
chipset
slots
Microprocessor
is an integrated circuit made up of millions of tiny transistors working together to process the instructions and data received from the memory
Software and operating systems
Applications
Spreadsheets
Excel,Calc
Presentations
Powerpoint,Impress
word processor
Word, Writter
Database management tools
Acces,Base
Drawing programs
Paint,Paint shop pro,Draw
Antivirus software,file compressors,web brousers and webmail software,games and so on
Programming languages
These programms can be used to create other programs or applications
Operating system
FUCTIONS
Provides an interface of working enviroment
for the user
Allows
comunication between applications and peripheral devices
Manages the memory and storage systems
,making space available for the different applications
Manages the microprocessor
.If several applications areopen at the same time,the operating system calculate how much time the microprocessor should give to each one
DEFINITION
The operating system is the first thing that appears when you turn on your computer and the last thing you see when you're turning it off
Windows operating systems
Hard disk maintenance
Defragmenting the hard disk➡️The hard disk stores files in small blocks
Detecting and repairing errors ➡️Its important to check the hard disk ocasionally
Cleaning the hard disk ➡️Over time ,your computer accumulates unnecessary programs
Saving power
Its especially important to select the right power options for laptops
Installing and uninstalling programs
We can install programs using and installation wizard that guides us trough the process.A sample installation is described in the procedures section of this unit
Systems updates
Operating systems are constantly being updated
Computer networks
Is a set of computers connected to each other so that they can share resources and exchange information
Local area networks or LANs
Metropolitan area networks
,made up of several LANDs
Wide area network
covering a country or continent
Element in a network
All computer have a logical component,wich is an operating system and applications that work on a network ,and a physical component connecting the different computers to each other
Linux operating system
installing and uninstalling programs
Añadir y quitar
in the
aplicaciones
menu.This is the easiest way to add and remove applicationes
Synaptic package management program.To open it select
Sistema⮕Administracion
.
How to keep your system up to date
Click on
comprobar
.A list of recommended updates will appear.Click on
instalar aplicaciones
to install the selected updates
Open the
gestor de actualizaciones
throught
Sistema ⮕Administracion
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There are thousend of free programs for Linux
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