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DEIXIS (Temporal deixis (distal form -> distance (current time, current…
DEIXIS
Definition
linguistic form -> point -> deictic expression (indexical)
speaker & hearer -> same context
less language -> identify familiar things
technical term -> 'pointing' via language
Personal deixis
form
proximal forms: 'I' and 'you'
distal forms: 'he,she,it'
In English -> no exclusive 'we' and inclusive 'we' -> ambiguilty
division
second person: 'you'
third person: 'he,she,it,they'
first person : 'I'
Spatial deixis
here, there, that, this, up, down, top, bottom,...
verb of motion -> deictic sense -> 'come, go'
location from speaker's perspective =>
deictic projection
physical location
mental location
Discoursal deixis
(linking phrase)
for textual coherence / procedural indicators
ex: to begin with, first, next, last but not least
self-explicit
discourse unit, discoursal purpose
Temporal deixis
yesterday, today, tonight, this week,...
calendar & clock time -> non-deictic temporal deixis
proximal 'now'; distal 'then' (past, future)
present tense -> proximal; past tense -> distal
sthg take place in the past / # speaker's current situation -> distal
distal form -> distance
current time
current reality , facts
Social deixis
deictic categories of speaker, addressee, others -> social status
idicate higher status -> honorifics
politeness in social interaction