Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Deep Vein Thrombosis (Risk Factors (Caucasian or African American (Patel…
Deep Vein Thrombosis
Risk Factors
Caucasian or African American (Patel et al., 2019)
Genetic Disorders (Factor V Leiden mutation, Sickle cell anemia) (Douketis, 2019b)
Immobilization, Obesity, Sedentary Lifestyle (Douketis, 2019b; Patel et al., 2019)
Trauma or Surgery (Douketis, 2019b)
Male Gender (Patel et al., 2019)
Pregnancy or oral contraceptive use (Douketis, 2019b)
Older Age (Douketis, 2019b; Patel et al., 2019)
Cancer or Smoking (Douketis, 2019b)
Diagnosis
Wells Clinical Prediction Guide (Patel et al., 2019)
Assesses a patients DVT risk by scoring risk factors, clinical symptoms, and potential alternative diagnoses (Patel et al., 2019)
Serum D-dimer (Douketis, 2019b)
Contrast Venography (Douketis, 2019b)
Alternative for doppler ultrasonography (Douketis, 2019b)
Requires contrast, more invasive (Douketis, 2019b)
Doppler Ultrasonography (Huether & McCance, 2017)
History and physical examination (Douketis, 2019b)
Epidemiology
90% of Pulmonary Embolisms are from DVT's (Patel et al., 2019)
High risk (20-70%) for hospitalized patients to develop DVTs (Patel et al., 2019)
1 in 20 people develop DVTs (Patel et al., 2019)
Pathophysiology
Endothelial cellular damage causing release of chemical mediators (Huether & McCance, 2017)
Thrombus formation at valve of a deep vein (Huether & McCance, 2017)
Activation of inflammatory response and clotting system (Huether & McCance, 2017)
Increased presence of platelets and clotting factors (Huether & McCance, 2017)
Thrombus growth (Huether & McCance, 2017)
Decreased venous blood flow (Huether & McCance, 2017)
Increased hydrostatic pressure (Huether & McCance, 2017)
Venous congestion and edema (Huether & McCance, 2017)
Tissue hypoxia (Huether & McCance, 2017)
Treatment
Preventive Management
Early ambulation (Huether & McCance, 2017)
Sequential Compression Devices (Huether & McCance, 2017)
Prophylactic Anticoagulation (Heparin, Lovenox) (Huether & McCance, 2017)
Supportive Management
Analgesics (Douketis, 2019b)
Leg elevation (Douketis, 2019b)
Therapeutic Management
Anticoagulation Therapy (Heparin, Lovenox, Coumadin) (Douketis, 2019b)
Inferior Vena Cave filter (Douketis, 2019b)
Thrombolytic Therapy (alteplase) (Douketis, 2019b)
Thrombectomy and Fasciotomy (Douketis, 2019b)
Clinical Presentation
Typically asymptomatic, unless there is a significant occlusion of venous blood flow (Huether & McCance, 2017)
Clinical Manifestations
Asymmetric, pitting edema in lower extremity (Douketis, 2019b; Huether & McCance, 2017)
Pain or tenderness in lower extremity (Huether & McCance, 2017)
Erythema and warmth of lower extremity (Huether & McCance, 2017)
3 cm circumference difference between both calves (Douketis, 2019b)
Homan's sign (calf pain with ankle dorsiflexion while knee is extended) (Douketis, 2019b)
Visible, dilated superficial veins (Douketis, 2019b)
-
-
-
-