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PRESENT/PAST PERFECT SIMPLE (Present perfect simple (Use: (Actions that…
PRESENT/PAST
PERFECT SIMPLE
Present perfect
simple
Form:
Negative: Subject + hasn't/haven't + p.p (-ed / 3º column)
Interrogative: Has/have + subject + p.p (-ed / 3º column)
Affimative: Subject + has/have + p.p (-ed / 3º column)
Use:
Actions that started in the past and still continue
Past actions that affect the present or have consequences at the present time
Very recent actions
Past actions not specified when they occurred
Time expressions and adverbs:
Ever, Never, Always, Already, Just, Yet, For, Since, Recently, Lateley, Several times, So far, Over the year
Past perfect simple
Form:
Negative: Subject + had + p.p (-ed / 3º column)
Interrogative: Had + subject + p.p (-ed / 3º column)
Affirmative: Subject + had + p.p (-ed / 3º column)
Use:
It is used to indicate that one action occurred before the other in the past
Times expressions and adverbs:
Before, after, as soon as, by the time, until, when, already, yet
Past simple
Form:
Affirmative: Subject + verb (-ed / 2º column)
Interrogative: Did + subject + verb in base form
Negative: Subject + didn´t + verb in base form
Use:
It is used to talk about a concrete action that began and ended in the past.
It talks about past actions that no longer affect the current moment and indicates when they occurred.
To explain why something happened in the past.
Times expressions:
Last year / yesterday / last night / last week, etc
Used to:
Form:
Negative: Subject + didn't + use to + verb in base form
Interrogative: Did + subject + use to + verb in fase form
Affirmative: Subject + used to + verb in base form
Use:
It expresses facts or states that were habitual at another time and then ceased to be
Regular verbs: -ed
1 syllable and ends in vowel + consonant, blends
2 syllables and has an accent on the last one, the consonant is doubled
If it ends in -l, it bends
If it ends in consonant + y, it is changed to -ied
