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Regulatory Systems (Feeding (PVN - inhibitory (a2 receptor (Higher…

- - - - NPY Release
      - AGRP release
        
        Antagonist
      - 5-HT2B
        
        Inhibit - decrease feeding
      - GHSR1 Receptor (Gq)
        
        Increase feeding
        
        Increase NPY/AGRP transcription and expression
      - Leptin Receptor
        
        Decrease NPY/AGRP
      - Insulin Receptor
        
        Decrease feeding
      - Y2 autoreceptor
        
        Decrease feeding
      - Inhibitory Interneuron
    - - 5-HT2C
        
        Activate - decrease feeding
        
        Lorcaserin
      - MSH release
        
        Agonist
      - Y1-6 receptor (Gi)
        
        Increase Feeding
      - Leptin Receptor
        
        Increase MSH release
  - - - Higher expression at beginning of wake cycle
      - Increase feeding
    - - Higher expression at end of wake cycle
      - Decrease feeding
  - - - Increase expression
      - Inhibit gastric emptying, increase release of bile and insulin
    - - Inhibit gastric emptying, inhibit motility
      - Inhibit release
    - - Decrease gastric emptying, increase ANP1 production
      - Increase release
        
        Decrease glucagon release
      - Diabetes Drugs
        
        GLP-1 agonist
        
        Trulicity, Ozempic, Byetta, Victoza
        
        DPP-4 inhibitor
        
        Januvia
        
        SGLT2 inhibitor
        
        Jardiance and Invokana
  - - - JAK-STAT - increase MSH transcription
      - Increases NPY responsiveness
  - - - Phosphorylate FOX01 - Decrease NPY transcription + hyperpolarize cell
- - - - OVLT
        
        Median Preoptic Nucleus
        
        Thirst
        
        Inhibitory Interneuron
        
        Salt Appetite
        
        Arachidonic Acid
        
        Prostaglandins
  - - - JG Cells
        
        Renin
        
        Angiotensinogen --> AngI
        
        AngI + ACE
        
        AngII (AT1)
        
        SFO
        
        2 more items...
        
        Hypothalamus
        
        1 more item...
        
        Vasculature - constriction
        
        AT1 receptors - negative feedback
- - - - Increase SNS outflow to vasculature (a1)
        
        Heat conservation
      - Increases SNS outflow to piloerector muscles (a1)
        
        Hair stands on end
      - Increase SNS outflow to brown adipose tissue (b3)
        
        Increase non-shivering thermogenesis
  - - - Inhibition of SNS outflow to vasculature
        
        Vasodilation
      - Activate sympathetic outflow to sweat glands (M3)
        
        Increase sweating
- - - - NTS
        
        SON/PVN
        
        VP Release
        
        Kidney tubules
        
        V2, Gs: Increase AqP expression
        
        Retain water
        
        Increase Na+/H+ antiporter activity
        
        Increase Na+/K+ ATPase and sodium channel expression
        
        V1A, Gq: Vasoconstriction
        
        Increase BP
        
        Descending Sympathetics
        
        Activate a1 receptors
        
        Vasoconstriction
        
        Activate b2 receptors
        
        Vasodilation near heart and skeletal muscles
        
        Activate b1 receptors
        
        Depolarize SA node - increase heart rate
        
        Increase Ca2+ - cardiac myocyte contractility
        
        salt appetite