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Chapter 15 Lecture 6 (Inflammation (Is a general, nonspecific response to…
Chapter 15 Lecture 6
Inflammation
Is a general, nonspecific response to tissue damage which can result from a variety of causes
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Two types
Acute which develops quickly, is short lived, and typically it is beneficial, and the end results is eliminating what caused it
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Characterized by redness (rubor), heat (calor), swelling (edema), and pain
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Vasodilation (vessel diameter gets bigger) produces redness and localized heat associated with inflammation
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Bradykinin and histamine cause vd of the body’ smallest arteries (arterioles) which results with more blood going to site of infection which is bringing more phagocytes, oxygen, and nutrients.
Prostaglandins and leukotrienes (vd) make the venules more penetrable/permeable, which leaves gaps in the walls and phagocytes can move into the damaged tissue and fight off the invaders
With an increasing permeability, it allows delivery of more bloodborne antimicrobial chemicals to the site.
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VD + increased permeability = a delivery of fibrinogen causing clots to form at the site of infection which helps wall off the are and prevents pathogens and toxins from spreading
You can get a formation of pus (fluid that is made up of dead tissue cells, leukocytes and pathogens) it can push up towards the surface and erupt or it can remain isolated and body may absorb it in a few days– this is an abscess- pimples, boils, and pustules are examples
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Aspirin and ibuprofen reduce pain b/c it prevents the synthesis of prostaglandins; it acts as an antiprostaglandin
Fever
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Side effects include malaise, body aches, and tiredness
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If fever too high, critical proteins are denatured and nerve impulses are inhibited, results in hallucinations, coma, and even death
A Fever Beneficial?
Yep! Many dos recommend refrain from taking fever reducing drugs unless fever is prolonged or extremely high.
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Migration of Phagocytes
Phagocytes are attracted to the site of infection by chemotactic factors including C5a, leukotrienes and microbial components and toxins
1st to arrive are the neutrophils, then monocytes.
Once monocytes leave blood, they are called wandering macrophages that devour pathogens and dead neutrophils and are the major component of pus
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