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Charles Darwin and Evolution (Who was Charles Darwin and why was he…
Charles Darwin and Evolution
Who was Charles Darwin and why was he important? What is the story of his great discovery?
Charles Darwin
was a British naturalist
known for his theory of evolution
came from a family of scientists
studied botany and zoology in Galapagos
did hands on research
did experimentation
closely observed principles of botany, zoology, and geology
wrote about this in the "Journal of Researchers"
changed his view on nature
took a five year world voyage in December on 1831 in a ship called the HMS Beagle
published a book called On the Origin of Species
born on February 12, 1809
went to the University of Edinburgh
died on April 19, 1882
Theory of Evolution
known as Darwinism
declared that species and survived through process called "natural selection"
the spices that successfully evolved and reproduced continued to grow and thrive
the species that didn't reproduce and evolve died
his trip to Galapagos gave him this theory
source of information:
https://www.biography.com/scientist/charles-darwin
Why are Evolution and Natural Selection important for our current scientific knowledge and exploration?
Evolution is important for our scientific knowledge and exploration.
evolution is important to our current scientific knowledge because it would expand our understanding of life today
Natural Selection is important for our current scientific knowledge and exploration.
Helps identify drugs for detecting and to treat diseases.
What is Natural Selection and how does it support Evolution?
Natural Selection is the process that living organisms go through to better adapt to their surroundings.
Natural selection works by gradually removing unhelpful traits that don’t help a living organism to survive. Natural selection can also add beneficial traits.
Natural selection supports evolution because a very useful trait can be genetically passed down to the offspring of a living organism.
What is Evolution?
Evolution is the change in the characteristics of biological populations over successive generations.
there are many different ways to describe evolution
Evolution as Worldview
As a worldview some people consider it to be the equivalent to atheism thinking that it would replace god or the involvement of god in the creation of life
sometimes it is referred to as evolutionism or naturalism
others say that evolution and the belief of god coexist, as to say that god did in fact have a role in the creation of life but also that evolution is the most logical way to show how that life was developed
Evolution as a scientific theory
in the non scientific context a theory would be a sort of guess but in scientific terms as such in the evolution "theory"
a theory would be a tested and well-confirmed explanation backed up by evidence
the observations made and evidence collected for the theory is mostly pointed at bones or fossils found
It also includes the fossil record( the use of the placement of fossils in the layers of earth to determine the age) comparative morphology, biogeography( a branch of biology that studies the distribution of plants), and fairly recently genetics.
the theory of evolution states that every life form has a common ancestor as a result of variation and selection over time
variation is when the offspring of an organism does not have the same genetic information that the parent(s) have and then goes of with the new DNA to make its own genetically different offspring
selection occurs when only some of the offspring of an organism (the best fit too survive) go off and make new offspring
common ancestry does not mean that every species we have today evolved from each other(ex: humans did not evolve from cats)
instead it would mean that if you go far back enough in the ancestral tree you would find a grandparent or an organism of which both the current organisms originated from
ancient populations were split into two groups and each group was reproductively isolated(only mated with other members of their group) and as time went on the different versions of that group were preserved
eventually the groups became different enough for science to label them as a different species
source of info:
https://biologos.org/common-questions/what-is-evolution
What are some pieces of evidence that can be found all over the world that support and explain Natural Selection and Evolution?
The Peppered Moth
Happened during the industrial evolution
Due to the amount of pollution in order to blend in the moths darkened.
The moths in higher polluted areas began mating with darker moths in order to make sure the future generations survived and thrived.
Citation:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peppered_moth_evolution
peacocks
It is proven that offspring with larger tails have a better chance of survival.
Females prefer males with larger tails and more spots on them.
Females are the ones who decide who to mate with.
Citation:
https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/library/01/6/l_016_09.html
The females continued to choose the males with larger tails which hurt the population of smaller males.
Whales
The theory is that there ancestors ate food by the waters edge and used the water as a place to hide from predators. Over time they decided to spend more time in the water and ultimately became adapted to life inside the water.
There bodies slowly morphed into the mammals we know today by losing their legs and gaining flippers and a much stronger tail for swimming.
Whales ancestors lived on land about 50 million years ago.
Citation:
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/how-did-whales-evolve/
The new generation continued to mate with the most advanced of their species.
