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Philosophy 177 (who are the others? why are they different from me?…

- - - - This kind of idea is present in a lot of philosophy about race and gender and oppression, essentially there is dissonance between who we think we are and how we seem to be perceived, and this gets frustrating.
  - - - Peel's film deals with identity, ie. who are you if your brain and body are separated?
  - - - PERFORMANCE
- - - - SKEPTICISM / DOUBT
    - - ESSENCE
    - - EXISTENCE
    - - Descartes believes in God, his logic is something like 'if I know I'm not the best, then the best must exist.' I'm still not sure how I feel about this reasoning-- I think if there is an all-powerful god they have the power to keep humans from ever knowing for certain, and it seems like if they do exist that is what they've done.
  - - - the idea of a blank slate is important to Locke.
- - - - holding people responsible for what they do and whether the law should impact this, lots of different perspectives here
  - - - This deals with existentialism; according to an existentialist he should be held accountable for his actions fully.
  - - - This is different from Kant and from Mill, both of whom have very clear ideas of what it means to be moral.
- - - - Mill is different from Kant in this regard; while Kant thinks motives matter, Mill thinks the option that generates the most pleasure (either quality or quantity) is the most desirable outcome, regardless of motive.
  - - - "The other is indispensable to my own existence, as well as to my knowledge about myself." This is a quote in reference to Descartes and Kant, and how they think about existence.
        
        Also in reference to Kant, Sartre says, "The Kantian ethics says, 'Never treat any person as a means, but as an end.'" This is important to his argument about why Christianity doesn't always work; to think of one person as an end tends to make one think of others as a means, especially in decisions like 'who should I help?'...
    - - Kant and Sartre discuss choice in different ways, and its relationship to accountability is important. While Kant really stresses the idea of motive, ie. why people do things matters a lot to him in terms of holding people responsible, Sartre is adamant about holding people accountable for their actions, ie. judging Proust by the work Proust has published; that is where his value comes from
  - - - both of these are short stories where characters feel anguish and abandonment and despair, one key difference is Proust's narrator is the one who experiences this anguish, coming from not being able to see his mother, whereas in Omelas the character who feels this anguish feels it for the whole town of Omelas, but they are not given a voice.
  - - - An example of a pleasure would be the pleasure the bug gets from scuttling around; a physical sensation.