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flowers and reproduction (sexual reproduction # (fruit development (ovary…

- - - - sperm(male)
      - eggs(female)
      - sperm+egg= zygote- diploid
      - mammalian gametes- microgametes (male) and megagametes(female)
        
        microgametophytes from microspores and megagametophytes from megaspores
    - - contains spores- haploid
        
        spores undergo mitosis forming a gametophyte
      - difference between spores and gamete- spore cannot fuse with gametes in a process call fertilization
    - - gametophytes represent a heteromorphie generation
  - - - sepals
        
        modified leaves that surround/enclose other flower parts
      - petals
        
        above sepals
        
        all petals together- corolla
        
        perianth= sepals+petals
      - stamens
        
        above the petals
        
        all of the stamens together- androecium
        
        male part of the flower
        
        2 parts- filament and anther
      - carpels
        
        located at the highest level on the receptacle
        
        stigma, style, ovary
        
        inside ovary- placentae and ovules
      - complete- having all 4 appaendages
        
        incomplete- not having all four
  - - - multinucleic sac- embryo sac
      - 7 cells
        
        large central cell with 2 polar nuclei
        
        3 antipodal nuclei
        
        2 synergid nuclei
  - - - 2nd sperm nuclei migrates to synergid undergoing karyogamny producing an endospern nuclei
- - - - flowers producing 2 halves that are mirror images- actinomorphic/regular
      - bilaterally symmetrical flowers- zygomorphic
- - - - limited potential for growth
    - - lower/outermost flowers open first
- - - - fruit produced in simple fruit