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H World History Semester 1 Final Short Notes (Enlightenment Revolution…
H World History Semester 1 Final Short Notes
Renaissance
Secularism
separation of state and religion
Artistic Changes
Increased awareness of nature, classical learning, and invidualistic view of human
Humanism
giving prime importance to human rather than a supernatural force
Gutenburg
Invented Printing press which started a new way people looked at life like reasoning
Martin Luther
Started Protestant Reformation
Protestant Reformation
New religion different from Catholicism/ indulgences...
Henry VIII
King who had 6 wives in which he killed many created a new religion
Mongols
Mongol War Tactics
Spy network
mapping system
Rapid communication
They would confuse the enemy
Nomadic VS Sedentary
nomadic
moves around and lives off the land resources
sedentary
Stays in one place, and tries to trade with nomadic people
more advanced in technology
Ghenkhis Khan
Dictator of
Enlightenment Revolution
Scientific Method
Create an hypothesis and do the experiment until reached conclusion similar to hypothesis. Believed to be the solution to all problems in nature
Scientific Revolution
development to modern math, physics, life science that changed the way people look at nature
Hobbes VS Locke
Hobbes
believed in monarchy and how human are selfish creatures
Locke
Believed every human had basic human rights and human nature is characterized by tolerance and reason
Voltaire
large advocate for civil rights and freedom of speech and religion
Montesquieu
Theory of separation of powers. And to control power to a certain group in society
Rousseau
Believed that human were innocent creatures and were not corrupt. Anarchist
Beccaria
Wrote a book about modern criminal law and criminal justice
Wollstonecraft
author who was advocate for women's rights. Soon her affairs became more well known than her writings
Legacy of Enlightenment
Democracy where people chose their leaders and are not lead by monarchs
French Revolution
Louis XVI/Marie Antoinette
unexperienced monarchs who were in power during the French Revolution. Were not very responsible in tactfully handling crisis.
Jean Paul Marat
highly against monarch. He created a list of people against the revolution. This earned him plenty enemies and was murdered
Old Regime/Estate System
2nd Estate: nobility
3rd Estate: urban workers, bourgeoisie, peasants
1st Estate: clergy
Reign of Terror
remorseless bloodshed and hate during the French Revolution
Napoleon's success and failure
Success
created a streamlines legal system and foundation of civil law
Failures
extremely ambitious and wanted to rule all of Europe
Bastille
important prison during King Louis XVI's time. Symbolic when the French peasants raided it.
Industrial Revolution
Why Britain First?
increase in population and food productions. More people needed more work and more people were populating the middle class.
Capitalism
Political system where country's trade and industry is controlled privately to make profit
Adam Smith
proposed the idea of the invisible hand that regulates the free market without intervening of the government
Socialism
economic theory where the means of production is distributed and shared by the community
Karl Marx
Author, famous for his ideas in capitalism and communism. The Communist Manifesto
Industrialization
development of industries in a country
Urbanization
making an area more urban