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Stress and anxiety in sports performance (Stresses are things that cause…
Stress and anxiety in sports performance
Stresses are things that cause stress responses. Stresses effect different people differently. Positive stress is called eustress and negative stress is called distress, too much of this can be damaging. Eustress gives us energy and direction and helps us to be fulfilled and happy. Distress causes discomfort, can lead to illnesses and can cause depression.
Stage 2- an individual perception of demand. The person produces an individual view of the situation and whether it is threatening to them.
Stage 3- stress response. Production of physical and psychological changes in the individual.
Stage 1- the cause of stress is an emotional demand places physical or psychological pressure.
Stage 4- Behavioural consequences. Any positive or negative changes in the performance resulting from the perceived threat.
Multidimensional Anxiety Theory
This theory suggests that somatic and cognitive anxiety can affect performance.
Cognitive generally decreases performance. Cognitive anxiety is when you mentally worrying. Somatic generally increases performance.
Somatic anxiety shows physical symptoms, feeling sick (butterflies). Behavioural anxiety is a change in behaviour including symptoms such as biting nails, being quiet. Competitive anxiety is all of the above.
If you have a low level of somatic it is a good thing to have a high level of cognitive as you need the excitement for arousal and focus.
Reversal Theory
Changing the way we think. High arousal and anxiety is because we are threatened of failing. Reverse the way you think and suggest that we feel like this because we are excited about the performance. Encouraging makes us more comfortable. Positive Mental Attitude.
State anxiety
Situationally relevant, in that it is the individual's response to a particular threatening situation
Trait anxiety
A general disposition to respond to relatively unthreatening situations with a disproportionately high level of state anxiety. Personality characteristics reflecting individual susceptibility to state anxiety.
Internal stress
Internal stress is stress caused by yourself through thoughts, feelings, beliefs, illnesses, psychological factors, lack of sleep and being critical.
External stress
External stress is stress caused by anything but yourself through importance of event, environment, negative social interactions, major life events and uncertainty of event.
Fight or flight is the response to stress. the fight response is when you do well under stress. the flight response means you don't perform so well under stress.