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Ortholog of farA (Introduction (Yarrowia lipolytica (able to utilize…

- - - - n-alkanes
      - fatty acids
    - - Initiated by cytochromes P450
  - - - transcription factors (Zn2Cys6)
        
        Oaf1p-Pip2p system
        
        Extensively characterized in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
        
        Oaf1p and Pip2p, + C2H2 zinc finger protein Adr1p
        
        Oaf1p and Pip2p, + C2H2 zinc finger protein Adr1p
        
        activate transcription genes response to fatty acids
        
        FarA and FarB system
        
        Reported in filamentous fungus in filamentous Aspergillus nidulans
        
        Ctf1p (Ortholog of FarA in C. albicans)
        
        involved in fatty acid response
        
        CTF1a and CTF1B (Ortholog in F. solani) and Ctf1 of F. oxysporum
        
        transcriptional regulation of cutinase genes
        
        Potential ortholog of FarA found in genome of Y. lipoytica
- - - - Y. lipolytica genome database for orthologs of Oaf1p of S. cerevisiae and FarA of A. nidulans using the BLAST program
        
        Deletion mutants YALI0F13321g, YALI0D17988g, and YALI0D10681g translation products exhibited similarity to Oaf1p in their zinc cluster domains, were constructed and their growth was analyzed
      - To observe the growth on fatty acids, 0.2% fatty acid was dispersed in media by adding 1% Triton X-100.
        
        no growth defect was observed on the
        medium containing oleic acid as a sole carbon source
        
        S. cerevisiae, in which deletion of OAF1 or PIP2
        causes a severe growth defect on oleic acid
        
        simultaneous deletion of YALI0F13321g and YALI0D10681g, or YALI0D10681g and YALI0D17988g did not confer any defects on the growth on oleic acid
        
        possibility that Y. lipolytica has distinct mechanisms of transcriptional regulation of fatty acid utilization from S. cerevisiae, in which Oaf1p and Pip2p play vital roles in the growth on fatty acids
  - - - mutant por1 strain grew
        normally on glycerol, glucose, and n-hexadecane
      - Dpor1 strain also grew well on n-decane, a shorter n-alkane, although slight growth impairment was observed
      - it exhibited severe growth defects on
        lauric acid and myristic acid.
      - growth of the Dpor1 strain on oleic acid was also impaired severely, but less profoundly than that on lauric acid or myristic acid
      - growth defects of the Dpor1 strain on fatty acids were complemented by expression of POR1 under its native promoter using the low copy plasmid, pPOR1.
      - suggest that Por1p plays critical roles in fatty acid
        utilization in Y. lipolytica.
  - - - transcription of a peroxin gene, PEX5, encoding a receptor for a type-1peroxisomal targeting signal (PTS1) [22], was induced by oleic acid in the wild-type cells, but its level was less in the Dpor1 cells
- - - - defects in the transcriptional induction of
        genes involved in fatty acid utilization by oleic acid
    - - low similarity to Oaf1p and/or Pip2p
      - no significant defects on oleic acid
      - less probable that orthologs of Oaf1p and/or Pip2p function in fatty acid response in Y. lipolytica
    - - CTF1a and CTF1b
      - CTF1b
        
        participate in the constitutive expression of cut2
      - CTF1a
        
        activates transcription of cut1 in the presence of cutin monomer
    - - defects in the induction by
        both short- and long-chain fatty acids