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Chapter 23: Seed Plants II: Angiosperms (Concepts (derived features…
Chapter 23: Seed Plants II: Angiosperms
Changing Concepts About Early Angiosperms
ranalean flower-C.E. Bessey-Magnolia type flower is thought to be relictual
generalized flower-has all parts arranged spirally
Classification of Flowering Plants
angiosperms
monocots
eudicots
basal angiosperms
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Basal Angiosperms
living descendants of angiosperms
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Amborellaceae
Nymphaeaceae
Austrobaileyales
uniaperturate-pollen grains have a single germination pore
Monocots
perianth
tepals-sepals and petals
Alismatales-aquatic herbs and aquarium plants
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Liliales-petaloid monocots with large colorful flowers
Asparagales-form nectaries with septa
Dioscoreales-yams-have petiolate
commelinoid monocots-unique epicuticular wax
pollen contains starch
walls have hemicelluloses and UV fluorescenct compounds
Arecales
palms
Poales
grass family
cattails
Zingiberales
lilies
gingers
Eudicots
Basal Eudicots
Caryophyllales
cacti, iceplant, spinach, beets
betalains-water-soluble pigments
perisperm-nutritive tissue around developing embryo
sieve tube plastids contain fibrous protein
Santalales
sandalwood, common mistletoes
Rosid Clade
Fabids (eurosids I)
Malvids (eurosids II)
Asterid clade
sunflower, periwinkle, petunia, morning glory
iridoid compounds
two orders: Cornales, Ericales
Two groups of orders: lamiids and campanulids
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Concepts
Magnoliophyta-angiosperms
angiosperm carpels-edges of sporphyll primordia crowd each other
closed carpel-closed carpels with not seam-develops into fruit that encloses embryos
double fertilization-universal in flowering plants
primitively vesselless-basal angiosperms-lacked vessels because ancestors lacked them
secondarily vesselless-vessels originated but then lost them
derived features
pistil-fusion of carpels
sympetally-fusion of petals
zygomorphy-flowers that are bilaterally symmetrical
