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PSYCHOLOGICAL EXPLANATIONS OF SZ (COGNITIVE EXPLANATIONS (Frith proposed…
PSYCHOLOGICAL EXPLANATIONS OF SZ
COGNITIVE EXPLANATIONS
SZ is associated with abnormal mental processes. In schizophrenics, this is likely to include: language, thinking and attention.
Thought processes are likely to be lower in those suffering with schizophrenics. Therefore, cognition is likely to be impaired.
Frith proposed the two forms of dysfunctional thought processes:
Central control : One's ability to suppress automatic responses in order to carry out deliberate questions instead. This is tested via a strop test.
Metarepresentation: One's ability to understand that their thoughts and actions are their own and no one else. This enables people to understand their own goals, intensions and thoughts.
FAMILY DYSFUNCTION
SCHIZOPHRENOGENIC MOTHER
Fromm-Reichmann noted that all patients reported a particular type of parent: Cold, controlling and rejecting. He used a self-report method to find this.
Symptoms that could arise from this include: Paranoid delusions, paranoid schizophrenia and lack of empathy.
DOUBLE-BIND THEORY
Bateson suggested that communication in families is vital.
Children with schizophrenia often find themselves in conflicting situations. This is likely to get them into trouble because they receive mixed messages, meaning anything they do could be perceived as wrong.
Children are punished through a lack of love
He argues that the world is a conflicting and confusing place.
Example: "You did well on that test, for once"
Could result in: paranoia, delusions, disorganised schizophrenia, racing thoughts and disorganised thoughts.
EXPRESSED EMOTION
Defined as the level of negative emotion expressed towards a patient by their parent or carer.
VERBAL CRITICISM: Negative comments towards a child. For example, "I wish you had never been born".
HOSTILITY TOWARDS THE PATIENT: Aggressive or threatening comments. For example: "This is going to end in tears".
EMOTIONAL OVER-INVOLVEMENT: Becoming over-involved in the life of the patient. For example, "what did your dad say when he was upset last night"