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Central Nervous System (Peripheral nervous system (Somatic Nervous System,…
Central Nervous System
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Interneurons-create neural circuits, enabling communication between sensory or motor neurons and the central nervous system (CNS).
Special senses- organs located in brain, eye, ear, tongue, smell.
Spinal Cord-a long, thin, tubular structure made up of nervous tissue, which extends from the medulla oblongata in the brainstem to the lumbar region of the vertebral column. It encloses the central canal of the spinal cord
Brain-an organ that's made up of a large mass of nerve tissue that's protected within the skull. It plays a role in just about every major body system.
Tracts- ascending tracts- spinal cord white matter, three columns, transmit somatosensory information.
descending tracts-pathways by which motor signals are sent from the brain to lower motor neurons. The lower motor neurons then directly innervate muscles to produce movement.
Astrocytes- many functions, including regulation of ion concentration in the intercellular space, uptake and/or breakdown of some neurotransmitters, and formation of the blood-brain barrier
Cerebral Cortex-attention, perception, awareness, thought, memory, language, and consciousness.
Oligodendrocytes-the glial cell type that insulates axons in the CNS. The name means “cell of a few branches.” There are a few processes that extend from the cell body. Each one reaches out and surrounds an axon to insulate it in myelin. One oligodendrocyte will provide the myelin for multiple axon segments, either for the same axon or for separate axons.
Microglia-encounter diseased or damaged cells in the rest of the body, they ingest and digest those cells or the pathogens that cause disease
Ependymal cells-a glial cell that filters blood to make cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), the fluid that circulates through the CNS
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Norepinephrine-is a neurotransmitter in both the peripheral nervous system and central nervous system and a hormone.