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Design and Manufacture (Materials (Metals (Non-Ferrous (Aluminium (Soft,…

- - - - Aluminium
        
        Soft, ductile, malleable, good strength-to-weight ratio, lightweight, high resistance to corrosion. Melting point:659°C. Alloyed with other materials to make bike frames, aeroplane parts.
      - Brass
        
        Good heat/electrical conductor, harder than copper, high resistance to corrosion. Melting point:927°C. Used for decorative fittings.
      - Copper
        
        Very good heat/electrical conductor, malleable, ductile, high resistance to corrosion. Melting point:1083°C. Used for electrical wires, heating pipes, pots
      - Tin
        
        Ductile and heavy, high resistance to corrosion Melting point:232°C. Used for coating steel food cans, solder.
      - Zinc
        
        Soft, ductile and malleable over 100°C, high resistance to corrosion. Melting point:419°C. Used for galvanising
      - Lead
        
        Heavy, malleable and soft, high resistance to corrosion. Melting point:327°C. Used for roof flashing, batteries, radiation sheilding.
    - - Cast iron
        
        Hard, brittle, strong in compression,weak in tension, self-lubricating, low resistance to corrosion. Melting point:1535°C. Used for machine tools, vices, engine blocks
      - Stainless Steel
        
        Tough, ductile, higher tensile strength than mild steel, high resistance to corrosion. Melting point:1400 –1450°C. Used for cutlery, kitchen sinks, door handles
      - High-Carbon Steel
        
        Less ductile than mild steel, malleable and tougher than mild steel, can be hardened, then tempered by heat treatment, low resistance to corrosion. Melting point:1353°C. Used for cutting tools, drills, ball
        bearings
      - Mild Steel
        
        Good tensile strength, tough, reasonably malleable, ductile, low resistance to corrosion. Melting point:1350 –1530°C. Used for car bodies, girders
    - - Steel
      - Bronze
        
        Harder and tougher than brass, high resistance to corrosion. Melting point:913°C.Used for bearings, electrical conductors and springs.
  - - - Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS)
        
        chemical resistant, durable, strong, scratch resistant, high surface finish. Used for cases for products, helmets, kitchenware, telephones
      - Cellulose acetate
        
        flexible, hard, light, tough, transparent. Used for containers, packaging, photographic film
      - Polyamide (PA) [Nylon]
        
        durable, tough, easily machined. Used for self-lubricating bearings, bristles, clothing and upholstery (textiles), gears
      - Polyethylene (HDPE)
        
        chemical resistant, tough rigid: Used forbuckets, bowl, containers
      - Polyethylene (LDPE)
        
        soft, pliable, electrical insulator flexible: Used for bags, bottles, sheathing for electrical cables, toys
      - Poly-methacrylate (PMMA) [Acrylic]
        
        stiff, hard, clear, durable, easily machined and polished, easily scratched. Used for cases, jewellery, reflectors and lenses for lights, signs
      - Polypropylene (PP)
        
        chemical resistant, light, rigid, resistant to bending and fatigue. Used for crates, seats, medical equipment, kitchen chopping boards, hinges
      - Polystyrene (PS)
        
        buoyant, light, stiff. Used for water resistant containers, insulation, packaging, toys
      - Polyvinyl chloride (plasticised)
        
        soft, flexible, electrical insulator hosepipes, wire insulation
      - Polyvinyl chloride (uPVC)
        
        abrasive resistant, rigid, water and weather resistant bottles, guttering, pipes, window frames
    - - Epoxy resin (ER)
        
        low shrinkage, strong, excellent adhesive qualities. Used for surface coatings, encapsulation, lamination, bonding applications
      - Melamine formaldehyde (MF)
        
        tasteless, waterproof, odourless, scratch resistant, electrical insulator worktops, electrical insulation, buttons on clothing, tableware
      - Polyester resin (PR)
        
        brittle, hard, stiff, electrical insulator, can be formed without heat or pressure. Used for car body parts, hulls for boats
      - Urea formaldehyde
        (UF)
        
        brittle, hard, stiff, electrical insulator, good adhesive qualities. Used for electrical fittings, paper and
        textile coatings, wood adhesive
  - - - Oak
        
        strong, moderately durable, hard, tough, will stain steel furniture, flooring, boat building, veneers