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Communication and language acquisition (Non-verbal ways to communicate…
Communication and language acquisition
Non-verbal ways to communicate
There are 4 types of ways of non-verbal communication that can aid children's understanding of verbal communication
Gestures
Used alongside words and instructions, gestures helps children t understand what is being said.
In practice, using
gestures
means
Pointing to an object while saying a word
Nodding to indicate understanding
Using facial expressions to show positive emotion and interest
using gestures to support the meaning of individual words or instructions
The use of Makaton
Body language
Children pick up on the body language of adults. to prevent confusion, body language should match what you are saying
In practice, using
body language
means
Having a relaxed and open body position to show that you are receptive - for example, not crossing arms and legs
Smiling to encourage communication
Eye contact
Making eye contact children helps them to focus on the meaning of what is being said. It helps to prevent other distractions.
In practice, making
eye contact
means
getting down to the child's level
Waiting until there is eye contact before speaking
Active listening
Active listening demonstrates interest in, and an understanding of, what someone is doing
In practice, using
active listening
means
Restating - to show interest in active listening
Clarifying - asking further questions to show interest to promote confidence in speaking
Encouraging - showing interest to promote confidence in speaking
Paraphrasing - expressing statements in different words to show interest and understanding
Communication is the means by which information is sent and recieved
Lots of communication happens without speech and is described as
'non-verbal'
.
Stages of language aquisition
0-2 months old: natural sounds, e.g. crying
2-6 months old: babbling and cooing phase
7-8 months old: turn taking with sounds of speech
10 months old: understands words spoken to them
14 months old: one-word phrase
18 months old: can use around 15-20 words; obeys simple instructions
2 years old: names things (e.g. car) and actions (e.g. jump); uses tow words (e.g. me ball)
3 years old: uses simple sentences by may miss linking words such as 'the'
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The development of language happens in distinctive phrases.
It begins with the
pre-linguistic
stage and progresses to the
linguistic
stage, when words and sentences are used
Higher order language skills
2
Syntax
- how words are put together to make sense (grammar)
1
Phonology
- speech sounds (phonics is the production of the speech sounds)
3
Semantics
- the meaning of words (the context of a word in speech can help clarify the meaning of a word for children