Noun —the name of something
Verb — an action, preceded by "to"
Adjective — a description, usually precede by the verb "to be"
Adverb — these modify a verb, and adjective or another adverb, to express or clarify how, when or where something happens such as: quickly, surprisingly, here, there, often or tomorrow.
Preposition — A word that goes after the verb and before a noun to add details to the sentence. There are over 80 prepositions; examples are: in, on, at, between, under, below, above, up, down, of
Subject pronouns — These are I, you, he, she, it, we, you (plural) and they. They indicate who is doing the action in a sentence.
Object pronoun: These are me, you, him, her, it, our, you (plural), and them. They indicate the person or thing that is receiving the action.
Auxiliary verbs — These make the question and negative in a sentence. The most common are do, to be, can, and have.
Modal verbs — This is a type of auxiliary verb that expresses necessity or possibility such as must, should, may, might, would and will.
Question words — also known as interrogative pronouns. These are what, which, who and whose. Under these we can also include when, where, how, how many, how much, and how often.