Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Core Problems in MOTOR CONTROL RESEARCH (Perceptual-motor Integragration,…
Core Problems in MOTOR CONTROL
RESEARCH
Degrees of Freedom
{Movements to do Task}
Reduce them
Synergies
Within a Limb
elbow
wrist
Between Limbs
rub stomach
pat chest
(bias ipv reduce)
Relying on Mechanics
Physical properties body
no need to control all features neuro-motor control
Efficiency
Straightness
most direct path
End-state Comfort
awkward start, comfort finish
Minimum Jerk
smooth movements
Sequencing & Timing
Coarticulation
plan before doing
Effectors coarticulate
anticipatory lip rounding
reaching, grasping
planning ahead increases movement speed
Timing
synchronised with perceptual events
synchronisation of perceptual consequences ipv efferent commands (muscle signals)
Perceptual-motor Integragration
feedback loops (-)
using perception to aid movement
feedforward loops
control based on prediction
anticipatory corrections from:
motor outflow
sensory inflow
movement informs perception
heavy backpack hill
steepness judged based on effort
judgemental bias: those who already knew backapck, showed effects
more "movement informs judgement"
active touch vs passive touch
mirror neurons
Learning Perceptual-motor Skills
Learn by Doing (visuo-spatial coordination)
by practicing deliberately
more hours practice -> better
through specificity of pracitce
match conditions, thuiswedstrijd ^performance
through neuronal plasticity
often-experienced functions gain more neuronal tissue