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Consciousness (What is sleep? (Stages of sleep (Stage 2 - Theta activity…
Consciousness
What is sleep?
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Stages of sleep
Stage 2 - Theta activity but this stage has bursts of higher activity called spindles. during this stage our body becomes more rhythmic. muscles are more relaxed
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Stage 4 - no spindles, low frequency. This stage is deep sleep, we are unresponsive to environment. heart rate and blood pressure drops to its lowest. mostly delta waves
REM - dreaming stage. recorded eye movements are rapid, muscles completely relaxed and increased heart rate
REM sleep
Heart rate increases, first stage of rem is 20-30 mins and increases throughout the night.
Characteristics of REM lsepe include rapid eye movements, muscular paralysis, errections/vaginal secretions, dreams
Theories of dreaming
Information processing theory suggests that when we dream, we gather all info we know about a subject and continue or consolidate learning through dreaming. If you learn a task and don't get enough REM sleep, you're more likely to forget or won't remember as much from that new learned task. (Winston 1990)
Activation-synthesis hypothesis (Hobson and McCarley 1977)suggests that our brains activate signals during sleep which then seeks to make sense of - dreams
Freidian theory of dreams - unfalsifiable. Freuds theory suggests that our dreams are symbolic and represent our deepest desires. usually sexual desires. dreams represent those deep desires that our ID wants.
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Sleep Disorders
Sleep apnoea - this is when people stop breathing when they're asleep. more common in elderly. treatable with surgery
REM sleep behaviour disorder - this can lead to people physically acting out their dreams which would be dangerous
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Hilgards neo-dissociative theory (Hilgard, 1992)
Believes awareness is split into two parts, one responds to the hypnotist, the other continues to process information as normal
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Hypnosis
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Uses of hypnosis
Hypnotic alalgysia - the ability to ignore syrgical pain through hypnosis. its been found to be more effective than morphine
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treatment of anxiety, insomnia and high blood pressure
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What is consciousness?
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Stages of consciousness are wakefullness, sleep, dreaming, meditating, on drugs
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