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CONNECTIVE TISSUE (Divided into 2 components (Extracellular matrix (Fibres…
CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Divided into 2 components
Cells
Derived from mesenchymal cells, differentiate into immature connective tissue, then produce ECM, once embedded, it become mature
Wandering cell population
White blood cells
Migrate from blood into connective tissue
during certain occasions
2 types of white blood cells
Granulocytes
neutrophils
Nucleus is segmented & has
3-5 lobes
Phagocytosis of bacteria
basophils
Nucleus is bilobed or
segmented
Increase vascular
permeability
eosinophils
Phagocytosis of antigen-
antibody complex & parasites
Agranulocytes
Lymphocytes
Small round darkly stained
nucleus
has 3 subtypes
3 more items...
Humeral & cellular
immunity
monocytes
Indented kidney shaped
nucleus
Precursor for macrophage
plasma cells
large ovoid cells
derived from B lymphocytes
produce antibody
cytoplasm
Strong basophilia (due to abundant rER & ribosome
[for antibody production])
Clear area around the nucleus (juxtanuclear halo)
due to abundant Golgi apparatus
Resident cell population
Fibroblast
flat cells with branching process
secrets fibres (collagen)
maintain structural integrity of tissue
two types
active
Abundant rER, mitochindria and prominent golgi apparatus
inactive
AKA fibrocytes, spindle shaped, minimal cytoplasm and rER
Adipocytes
Synthesize, store and release lipid (triglyceride)
Synthesize hormone, inflammatory mediators &
growth factors
divided into 2 types
unilocular
Single central lipid droplets
Nucleus is displaced to one side (“signet ring
appearance”), white adipose tissue
multilocular
Many lipid droplets
Forms brown adipose tissue:
Mast cells
Large cytoplasm with basophilic granules (contains
inflammatory mediators, eg : histamine, heparin)
Macrophages
Phagocytic cells that derived
from blood monocytes
Contain abundant lysosomes
(active role in phagocytosis)
For phagocytosis and APC
Undifferentiated mesenchymal cells
AKA mesenchymal stem cells
Differentiate into other cells during repair & formation of
new tissue
Extracellular matrix
Fibres
Reticular
Arranged in fine meshwork pattern or network
Provide mechanical strength to newly synthesized
ECM in embryonic development & wound healing
Elastic
Allow tissue to respond to stretch & distension
interwoven with collagen fibres
To limit distensibility of the tissue & prevent tearing
from excessive stretching
Found in skin, lung and blood vessels
Collagen
flexible
4 types of collagens
type II
Resistance to intermittent pressure
notochord
type III
AKA reticular fibre
type I
provides resistance to stretch, tension,force
bone, tendon, ligament
type IV
provides support and filtration barrier
basal lamina
high tensile strength
Ground substance
components of connective tissue between cells & fibres
supports cells, stores water
4 main components
water
Glycosaminoglycan molecules (GAGs)
Long chain unbranched polysaccharides
hyaluronan, heparin
Proteoglycans
Composed of GAGs bound to core protein
Multiadhesive proteins
binds the cells and extracellular matrix components to one another and to the surface of cells
fibronetin, laminin
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