When you have a stroke, the nerves that supply “strength” to different muscle groups can become damaged. The way the nerves are arranged, it’s often just one side.

Numbness after stroke is a side effect that can cause complete loss of sensation or a pins-and-needles sensation

Drinking too much alcohol raises your blood pressure. Atrial fibrillation increases your risk of stroke by five times, because it can cause blood clots to form in the heart. If these clots move up into the brain, it can lead to stroke.

A stroke is a brain attack.The brain controls everything your body does, a stroke will affect the way your body functions. For example, if a stroke damages the part of your brain that controls your right leg, then you may have weakness or numbness in that leg

Cerebellum (top and front of the brain)
Inability to walk and problems with coordination and balance (ataxia), dizziness, vomiting, headache

Brainstem (base of the brain)
Breathing and heart functions, Body temperature control, Balance and coordination, Chewing, swallowing, and speaking

Cerebrum (right and left sides or hemispheres) Movement/sensation, speech/language, Eating/swallowing, vision

Cerebrum: is the largest part of the brain composed of right and left hemispheres. It performs higher functions like interpreting touch, vision and hearing, as well as speech, reasoning, emotions, learning, and fine control of movement.

Cerebellum: is located under the cerebrum. Its function is to coordinate muscle movements, maintain posture, and balance.

Brainstem: acts as a relay center connecting the cerebrum and cerebellum to the spinal cord. It performs many automatic functions such as breathing, heart rate, body temperature, wake and sleep cycles, digestion, sneezing, coughing, vomiting, and swallowing.

They are joined by a bundle of fibers called the corpus callosum that transmits messages from one side to the other. Each hemisphere controls the opposite side of the body. If a stroke occurs on the right side of the brain, your left arm or leg may be weak or paralyzed.

Frontal: Personality, behavior, emotions
Judgment, planning, problem solving
Speech: speaking and writing (Broca’s area)

The nerve cell bodies color the cortex grey-brown giving it its name – gray matter (Fig. 4). Beneath the cortex are long nerve fibers (axons) that connect brain areas to each other called white matter.

hypothalamus: plays a role in controlling behaviors such as hunger, thirst, sleep, and sexual response. It also regulates body temperature, blood pressure, emotions, and secretion of hormones

Pituitary gland:controls other endocrine glands in the body. It secretes hormones that control sexual development, promote bone and muscle growth, and respond to stress.

Pineal gland is located behind the third ventricle. It helps regulate the body’s internal clock and circadian rhythms by secreting melatonin. It has some role in sexual development.

Thalamus: a role in pain sensation, attention, alertness and memory

Basal ganglia:These nuclei work with the cerebellum to coordinate fine motions, such as fingertip movements.

Short-term memory, also called working memory, occurs in the prefrontal cortex. It stores information for about one minute and its capacity is limited to about 7 items

Skill memory is processed in the cerebellum, which relays information to the basal ganglia. It stores automatic learned memories like tying a shoe, playing an instrument, or riding a bike.