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Animal Reproduction (Variations in reproduction (cloaca (one opening,…
Animal Reproduction
Variations in reproduction
Hermaphroditism
both male and female reproductive system
ex: corals clams
estrous cycle
mammals
copulate period=heat
Uterus reabsorbs endometrium
spermathecae
cloaca
one opening
digestive
excretory
sexual
common in non-mammalian vertebrates
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
Budding
outgrowth
Fission
split separation 1->2
Fragmentation
break body
Parthenogenisis
Egg without fertilization
ex:honeybees
Female
Ooogenisis
1 single daughter cell/egg
Primary Oocyte
before birth
stop at Prophase I
Secondary Oocyte
Second meiotic division begins
stops at Metaphase
released at ovulation when follicle breaks open
puberty
Ovarian cycle
OVULATION
LUTEAL PHASE
LH-> PROGESTERONE & ESTRADIOL from corpus luteum
FOLLICULAR PHASE
FSH & LH-> ESTRADIOL from follicle
Uterine/Menstrual cycle
MENSTRUAL FLOW PHASE
SECRETORY PHASE
PROGESTERONE & ESTRADIOL thicken uterine lining nutrients
PROLIFERATIVE PHASE
Estradiol->uterine lining
STRUCTURE
Oviduct
Uterus
Ovary
Corpus Luteum
Follicle
Endometrium
Vagina
Labia minora
Labia Majora
FSH AND LH
Hypothalamus GnRH
Anterior Pituitary FSH AND LH
Pregnancy
2 trimester
30 cm
fingernails & external organs
placenta completely makes progesterone
3 trimester
50 cm
mom's organs compressed
frequent urination
1 trimester
organogenesis
corpus luteum
estrogens and progesterone
Stages of Labor
Expulsion: delivery infant
delivery of placenta
Dilation of cervix
Male
Spermatogenisis
STRUCTURE
Glands
Prostate gland
secretes to urethra small ducts
anticoagulant enzymes and citrate
bulbourethral gland
clear mucus
neutralize urine
2 Seminal Vesicles
60% semen volume
mucus fructose coagulating enzyme ascorbic acid
Testes
Ducts
epididymus
connected to testes
coiled duct
Vas deferns
joins seminal vesicle=EJACULATORY DUCT
opens to urethra
Penis
glans
head of penis
sensitive
prepuce
foreskin glans
circumcision
LH AND FSH
LH
Leydig Cells
tubules
testosterone
regulates GnRH LH FSH
FSH
Sertoli Cells
seminiferous tubules
nourish sperm development
