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Autonomic Nervous System (sympathetic system (increased respiratory rate,…

- - - - voluntary control
      - motor: skeletal muscles; motor
    - - central nervous system
        
        skeletal muscle fiber
    - - sympathetic trunk ganglia: vertical row on either side of vertebral column
        
        organs above diagram (head, neck, shoulders, heart)
        
        anterior/lateral to vertebral column
      - prevertebral ganglia: anterior to vertebral column/close to large abdominal arteries
        
        organs below the diagram
  - - - preganglionic: cell body in CNS
        
        autonomic ganglion
        
        located near wall of visceral organ
        
        ciliary, pytergopalatine, submandibular, otic ganglion
        
        lateral gray horns of thoracic/ some lumbar segments
        
        cranial parasympathetic outflow that extends in 4 cranial nerves
        
        preganglionic axons that extend from brainstem
        
        sacral parasympathetic (2-4 sacral nerves)
        
        preganglionic axons in anterior roots
        
        pelvic splanchnic nerves
        
        synapse with postganglionic located in terminal ganglia in innervated viscera
        
        axons innervate smooth muscle and glands in walls of colon, ureters, urinary bladder
      - postganglionic neuron: unmyelinated axon from ganglion to effector
        
        smooth/cardiac muscle or gland
      - major plexuses
        
        cardiac
        
        cardiac plexus
        
        superior mesenteric plezus
        
        inferior mesenteric plexus
        
        pulmonary
        
        renal plexus
        
        hypogastric plexus
        
        muscarinic receptors: present in membrane of effectors with parasite
    - - cholinergic: acetylcholine
        
        nicotinic receptors: dendrites/cell body of sympathetic and parasympathetic postganglionic neurons
        
        muscarinic receptors: effectors by parasympathetic
      - andrenergic: norepinephrine/noradrenalin
- - - - autonomic ganglia
        
        postganglionic axon
- - - - post ganglionic neurons