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Female Reproductive Functions (Uterine Cycle (menstrual cycle) (menstrual…
Female Reproductive Functions
Ovarian Cycle
Follicular Phase (preovulatory)
ovary bulges due to tertiary ovarian follicle
LH levels rise and meiosis I finishes
Hormone regulation
FSH stimulates follicular development; circulates estrogens
Luteal Phase (postovulatory)
Corpus luteum: converts cholesterol into progestorone, which
prepares uterus for pregnancy
Production of the corpus albicans
Marks end of Ovarian cycle
Hormone regulation
High LH levels maintain structure and function of corpus leteum
maturation, ovulation, degeneration
Ovulation: oocyte is released into pelvic cavity then moves into uterine tube
Uterine Cycle (menstrual cycle)
Menarche; first uterine cycle
Menopause; end of uterine cycle
menstrual phase
patchy degeneration of uterine layer
causes MENSES
period cycles as we know it
dysmenorrhea: painful menstruation
Proliferative phase
uterine epithelium is restored; sustained by estrogen
secretory phase
rate of secretion increases (14 days)
Hormone Regulation
Corpus luteum degenerating leads to more female sex hormones
Estrogen levels increase until epithelium regeneration is stimulated
tldr all phases are affected by the amount of estrogen/progesterone secreted/reached
Estrogen
Three types:
most abundant is
estradiol
Functions
stimulates bone/muscle growth, maintains female sex characteristics, affects CNS activity, maintains reproductive glands/organs, catalyst for repair/growth of uterine epithelium