Chapter 23: Lecture 4
Giardiasis
from contaminated food and water, or hands
the cyst will survive the stomach acid and then releases trophazite to multiply
will scar wall and attach
trophazite will then form a cyst
the cysts can live outside of the body
s/s: asymptomatic; nausea, vomit, distress, sever, greasy, frothy, diarrhea, abdominal pain, flatus, stool smells like rotten eggs
cause: giardia intestinalis
flagellated diplomonad
2 forms: motile and dormant
cysts are resistant to chlorine, heat, drying, and stomach acid
Hikers, campers, and swimmers are at risk
DX by micro exam, look for virus in stool
Treat: with tinidazole and metronidazole and maybe oral rehydration therapy
prevent with good hygiene, filtering water, washing hands when changing diapers in day care too
Cryptosporidiosis
s/s: severe watery diarrhea, HA, muscle pain, cramps, nausea, fatigue, severe fluid and weight loss
cause: crytosporedium
an intracellular parasite that's banana shaped
infection from contaminated drinking water
Dx by presence of oocytes, eggs, in feces
Treat: give fluid and electrolyte balance
prevent with proper hygiene
Amebiasis
s/s: depends on the host and virulence strains
Luminal
asymptomatic in healthy people
Invasive amebic dysentery
sever diarrhea, appendicitis, bloody mucus, pain
extraintestinal
fatal necrotic lesions in different organs
cause: Entamoeba histolytica
virulent strains produce proteins fatal to cells and it helps it to invade
transmitted by contaminated water, hands, and oral and anal intercourse
Risks and spread by: cockroaches, house flies, travelers, immigrants, crowding, homosexuality
Dx by micro exam
Treat: antiameobic drug and therapy
Prevent with proper hygiene and practicing safe sex
drink bottled water and avoid uncooked vegetables or unpeeled fruits in certain areas