Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
"Teaching grammar" (Scrivener chapter 7) (restricted output:…
"Teaching grammar" (Scrivener chapter 7)
What is grammar?
mental list of possible patterns
information is a living resource that allows you to communicate and be understood
the active skill of using language
to learn a language item, learners need to...
be exposed to a lot of language
notice specific items when they are being used
understand the form, meaning and use of an item
try things out in a safe environment with limited other linguistic demands
have opportunities to practise
use the new language when speaking and writing to communicate in different contexts
remember items
present-practise
present - introduce - explain - clarify - input the language point that the lesson is aiming to work on
give chance to practise using the language themselves
input - learning - use
present-practise lessons
clarification: explanation - restricted output - restricted output - authentic output
restricted exposure - clarification:guided discovery - restricted output - restricted output - authentic output
situational presentation
language is introduced via a context (e.g. board drawings)
establish the meaning of the target item
introduce and practise the target language
generate more sentences from the context
recording in notebooks
moving on to practice stages
clarification (presentation)
teacher explanation
teacher tells the learner
keep it short
guided discovery
teacher helps the leaner to tell himself
select appropriate tasks
manage and structure the lesson so that all leaners are involved and engaged
offer appropriate instructions, help, feedback and explanations
ask GOOD questions that encourage the leaners to notice language and think about it
requires imagination and flexibility
create conditions in which that information can be leaned
self-directed discovery
the learner tells himself
learners need to agree with and understand the method
ensure that leaners have sufficient information and experience to be able to work out their own rules and explanations
work out their own goals and learning strategies
restricted output: drills, exercises,
dialogues and games
the real learning experience is when learners try to use the language themselves
limited options for use of language
limited options for communication
focus on accuracy
typical activities: oral drills, written exercises, elicited dialogues, grammar practice activities / games
drills
provide intensive oral practice of selected sentences without worrying too much about meaning
automatization is still needed
vary, substitute & transform them
insist on accurate pronunciation
most useful drill: true sentences
student is giving real information in their answers (communication & language practice)
written exercises
useful way of giving students concentrated practice of language items
ideas
grammar quiz
split sentences
memory test
picture dictation
miming an action
growing stories (storybuilding)
other ways to grammar
Test-Teach-Test
restricted output - clarification:guided discovery - restricted output
TPR
restricted exposure
TBL
authentic exposure - activities that promote noticing - ...?
text starts
authentic exposure - activities that promot noticing - clarification: guided discovery
100% exposure
authentic exposure