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The Legalization of Cannabis (Negative Health-Effects (Cannabis Smoking…
The Legalization of Cannabis
Negative Health-Effects
Increases in Appetite
Could lead to increased risk of obesity
Gateway Drug
Can lead to substance use of other illicit drugs
Cocaine
Methamphetamines
Amphetamines
Heroin
Addiction
Although uncommon, it is possible
Physical dependence
Increase in Tolerance
Requiring a higher dose in order to achieve the same effect
Effects on Youth
Decreased IQ
Diminished life satisfaction
Increased risk of psychotic disorders
schizophrenia
Increased likelihood of dropping out of school
Poor education
Altered brain development
Negative Side Effects
Dry Mouth
Increased Appetite
Dizziness
Impaired cognitive function
Euphoria
Fatigue
Confusion
Paranoia
Cannabis induced red eyes
Increase in Motor Vehicle Accidents
Increases in Injury
Increases in Mortality
Negatively effects distance perception, hand-eye coordination and reaction time
Negative Mental Health Issues
Increased rates of depression
Increased rates of anxiety
Delusions, hallucinations
Cannabis Smoking Effects
Chronic bronchitis
Cancer
inflammation of the airways
Increased airway restriction
Lung hyperinflation
Respiratory infections
Pneumonia
Myocardial Infarctions
Stroke
Transient ischemic attack
Potential Solutions
1 Resources provided that showcase how to know if a patient is impaired.
-Physical therapists remain up to date in their knowledge and information regarding cannabis use.
-Knowing the particular symptoms of when someone is impaired may aid in distinguishing if they are capable of engaging in the session with a clear mind.
There are many services provided to increase awareness and provide information. These include the Hospitalists article titled “How Do I Determine if My Patient has Decision-Making Capacity” and the Addiction Center’s article titled “Marijuana Symptoms and Warning Signs”
2 Using Canada's Resources to Limit Unhealthy Behaviours
-There are many Canadian resources such as the Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology (CSEP) and Canada's Food Guide to help guide individuals into eating healthy foods
-Resources such as this will help an individual using Cannabis to cope with the increased appetite sensation that's a common side effect
3 Listen to Your Body
-Know your own limitations and seek help from a physiotherapist/physician/health care provider to know what you are able to do and what you are not able to do
-Listening to your own body and trusting it's healing process will help avoid further injuries or potential damage
Potential Problems
1 Cannabis impairs cognitive function and elicits confusion
-It may be concerning for physical therapists to obtain significant patient history while a patient is impaired.
-This may result in inaccurate or omitted information that may be relevant to the treatment.
2 Contributing to Obesity Rates
-Cannabis increases appetite, therefore may contribute to the growing rates of obesity in Canada
-Since obesity is one of the leading causes of many other debilitating health concerns, it is crucial to eat healthy (including snacks) and be physically active
3 Masking the Pain of an Injury
-Cannabis may mask the pain or restrictions of an injury
-This may result in further injury as the individual may exercise/move outside of their abilities
Therapeutic Benefits
Specific Benefits
Analgesic Effects
Decreases in all types of pain including: sharp, burning, aching, and intense pain
Addiction is rare and uncommon
Does not appear to produce dangerous effects on the liver as other traditional pain medications
Decreases feelings of anxiety
Decreases feelings of stress
Decreases feelings of depression
Decreases insomnia, increases sleep duration
Antiemetic Effects
Increases in Appetite
Food generally tasting better
Anti-epileptic Effects
Reduced Spasticity
Reduced Muscle Spasms
Improvements in Bladder Control
Neuroprotective Properties
Anti-inflammatory Properties
Antipsychotic Properties
Specific Conditions that Benefit
Neuropathic Pain
Neuropathy
Neuralgia
Phantom Limb Pain
Arthritis
Rheumatoid
Osteoarthritis
Psoriatic Arthritis
Fibromyalgia
Chronic Pain
Cervical Pain
Lumbar Pain
Spinal Cord Injury
Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
Glaucoma
Parkinson's disease
Cancer
Acute Pain
Tourette Syndrome
Epilepsy
Chronic Migraines
Crohn's disease
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Mental Health Disorders
Clinical Depression
Anxiety
Schizophrenia