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Flowers and Reproduction (Flower Structure and Cross-Pollination…
Flowers and Reproduction
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Asexual Reproduction 
Fragmentation: A large spreading or vining plant grows to
several meters in length, and individual parts become self sufficient by establishing adventitious roots. If middle portions
of the plant die, the ends become separated and act a individuals.
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Sexual Reproduction: In angiosperms involves
flowers, which produce the necessary cells and structures
Gametophytes
Microgametophytes: Microspores develop into
microgametophytes, in all angiosperm each microgametophyte is very small and simple, consisting of at most three cells located
within the original pollen cell wall
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Megagametophytes: Within the ovule the surviving megaspore
develops into a megagametophyte; technical term for megagametophyte is embryo sac
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Embryo and seed Development
Flower Structure: Flower is basically a stem with leaf like
structure, never become woody; secondary growth does not
occur
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Receptacle: The very end of the axis, where the other flower
parts are attached
Complete Flower: Which have all four types of floral appendages
Stamens: Above the petals are stamens, known collectively as
the androecium. They are frequently referred to as the "male part" of the flower because they produce pollen
Petals: Above the sepals on the receptacle are petals, which
together make up the corolla
They are also leaf-like, being broad, flat and thin, but they differ
from leaves in that they contain pigments other than chlorophyll,
have fewer or no fibers, and tend to be thinner and more
delicately constructed
Sepals: The lowermost and outermost of the four floral
appendages, they are modified leaves that surround and enclose the other flower parts as they mature
The Plant Life Cycle: In plant life cycle is complex
Syngamy/ Fertilization: Process in which Gametes can fuse with
other gametes which produce diploid zygote
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Carpels: Constitute the gynoecium, located at the highest
level on the receptacle
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