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61 y/o male patient with a long history of alcohol abuse, presents to the…

- - - - White Matter
        
        Gray Matter
        
        Cerebrum
        
        Diencephalon
        
        Brainstem
        
        Mid Brain
        
        1 more item...
        
        Pons
        
        1 more item...
        
        Medulla
        
        1 more item...
        
        Cerebellum
        
        2 more items...
        
        Thalamus
        
        Sensory relay
        
        Pituitary gland
        
        Under control of hypothalamus and produces many hormones
        
        Hypothalamus
        
        Critical in homeostasis
        
        Pineal gland
        
        Produces melatonin
        
        Lobes
        
        Frontal:
        
        Temporal:
        
        2 more items...
        
        Motor activities
        
        Entire brain
        
        Higher thought process, conscious thought process, and all complex intellectual function
        
        Outer cortex of brain (unmyelinated)
        
        Serves to process information
        
        Inner cortex of brain (myelinated)
        
        Transmits signals to other neurons
      - Depression between gyri
        
        Separates sensory areas from motor regions of the brain
    - - Creates larger surface area
- - - - Symptoms can differ based on gender
        
        Women can present with different symptoms leading up to stroke that can easily be dismissed as something else
        
        Symptoms can also differ based on delayed treatment of a stroke
        
        Some patients experience symptoms of a stroke that can be subtle and can be caused by other things
- - - - Dull hearing
        
        Hazy thinking
        
        Foggy memory
        
        Impaired vision
        
        Altered speech
        
        Tolerance
        
        1 more item...
  - - - Inhibits brain cell growth during development
        
        Changes in behavior
        
        Mood changes
        
        Changes in personality
        
        Alcohol Amnesic Syndrome (AAS)
        
        Wernicke-Korsakof Syndrome (WKS)
- - - - Ventricals
        
        Lateral Ventricles: Left & right ventricles that contain CSF, helps provide cushioning for the brain, circulate nutrients & remove waste
        
        3rd Ventricle: The ventricle in the brain that communicates with one another, filled with CSF
        
        4th Ventricle: Primary function is to provide cushioning for the brain by containing CSF & forms the central canal of the spinal cord, protecting the brain from any trama
      - CN I: Olfactory- Functions by carrying afferent impulses for the sense of smell (Sensory)
      - CN II: Optic- Functions by carrying afferent impulses for vision (Sensory)
      - CN III: Oculomotor- Functions in raising the eyelids, directing eyeball, constricting the iris, and controlling lens shape (Motor)
      - CN IV: Trochlear- Innervates the superior oblique muscle & directs the eyeball (Motor)
      - CN V: Trigeminal- carries sensory impulses from various areas of the face, nose, & cheeks (Sensory & Motor)
      - CN VI: Abducens- Helps abduct (Motor)
      - CN VII: Facial- facial expressions and the transmittal of autonomic impulses to lacrimal and salivary glands, with taste from 2/3 of the tongue (Sensory & Motor)
      - CN VIII: Vestibulocochlear- Functions solely for equilibrium and hearing (Sensory)
      - CN IX: Glossopharyngeal- innervates part of the tongue and pharynx, provides motor fibers to the parotid salivary gland, fibers conduct taste & sensory impulses of the tongue and pharynx (Motor & Sensory)
      - CN X: Vagus- Extends beyond the head & neck, most are parasympathetic fibers to the heart, lungs, and visceral organs & some function in taste, cardiac and gut (Motor & Sensory)
      - CN XI: Accessory- Supplies fibers to the larynx, pharynx, and soft palate &
        Innervates the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid (Motor)
      - CN XII: Hypoglossal- Innervates both extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the tongue, which contribute to swallowing and speech (Motor)
    - - C1-5 spinal nerves. One important branch: phrenic nerve, innervates the diaphragm
    - - C4 – T1 spinal, Radial, ulnar, median nerves
    - - All lumbar spinal nerves, femoral nerve & saphenous nerve.
    - - L4-5, S1-4, sciatic nerve