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Oceans (Main Vertical Zones of Ocean (Bathylpelagic Zone (1000-4000m, dark…
Oceans
Main Vertical Zones of Ocean
Bathylpelagic Zone
1000-4000m
dark midnight
constant 39 temp
energy efficient fish squid
5% energy
extreme pressure
Abyssopelagic Zone
4000-6000m
dark and huge
1-3% nutrients
no oxygen
extremophiles- hydrothermal vents
Mesopelagic Zone
800m
twilight zone
faint sun
200-1000m
greatest decline in temp thermocline
20% nutrients
Hadalpelagic Zone
6000-10994m
8 tons of pressure
basically no nutrients
temp near freezing
Epipelagic Zone
sunlight photic zone
visible light and heat
variable temp effected by gwarming
high nutrients
200m
Major Geologic Features of the Seafloor
Active Continental Margin Features
ocean trenches
deepest part of ocean, convergent margins
Passive Continental Features
contiental shelf
flat zone extending from the shore to a point at where marked increase in slope occurs at shelf break
continental slope
where deep ocean begins, submarine
contiental rise
transition zone between continental slope and deep ocean floor
Deep Ocean Basin Features
abyssal plains
extend from base of continental rise to mid ocean ridge
suspension settling
fine particles cover crust irregularities
Mid Ocean Ridge Features
rift valley
down dropped area on crest ridge, fissures, faults, earthquakes
Sea Mounts
tall volcanoes
Hydrothermal Vents
seafloor hot springs
Ocean Variations
Compositional Variations
mainly H2O 965.2g
Other Components
Cl 19.2g
Na 10.62g
SO4 2.66
Evaporation forms Minerals
Gypsum
Anhydrite
Salinity
High
evaporation
sea ice formation
Low
Rain
glacial melt
river input
Temperature Variations
Surface Temp
Warm at equator
Cold at poles
Depth
causes uniform temp