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The Nervous System (Tissues (Structure and Function of a Neuron) (Dendrite…
The Nervous System
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Reflex Arc
- Sensory/Afferent Neuron —> sends signal to CNS (reflex center)
- Synapse/Interneuron Integration Center —> connection between sensory neuron and motor (efferent) neuron
- Sensory Receptor —> afferent nerve ending detects stimulus
- Motor/ Efferent Neuron —> delivers response to target organ
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- Effector —> target organ responds to signal
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Action Potential
- if strong, depolarization occurs, threshold potential is reached, impulse is sent down axon
- nerve impulse is transmitted; only axons are capable
- K+ rush out of neuron after Na+ rush in causing repolarization of the membrane back to resting potential
- strong stimulation or nerve impulse causes Na+ gates to open —> Na+ rush into cell (depolarization) membrane potential goes unpolarized and becomes positively charged for a little
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Neurotransmitters
Neurotransmitters: binds with receptors on the postsynaptic neuron's cell membrane; at least 30-50 different are identified
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Needs to be removed or will influence nerve indefinitely; some degraded by enzymes; some reuptake into cells
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Spaces and Ventricles
Lateral Ventricle: 1st and 2nd, each side of the head, connected to the 3rd ventricle; 3rd ventricle is in the middle; 4th ventricle between the brainstem and the cerebellum
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