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World Geography (Themes of Geography (Relative Location (Description of…

- - - - Circulates water from equator toward poles and cold water from poles back to tropics. So ocean regulate global climate.
    - - Every thousand feet you move up the temperature Increases
    - - When air flows over a mountain it cools and water vapor condenses so it is common for rain on windward side
        Windward side: cool moist
        Leeward side: Hot, Dry
    - - Water moderates the temperature so cooler summer and warmer winter
    - - As latitude increases an average annual temperature increases.
- - - - Developed Country
        
        The Infant Mortality is lower in developed country because
        
        Clean Water Supplies
        
        Knowledge of Health
        
        Good Nutrition to mother and baby
        
        Less Number of Childeren born to mother
        
        Availability of Medical Services
      - Undeveloped Country
        
        The Infant Mortality is higher in undeveloped Country because
        
        Less knowledge of health matters
        
        Dirty water Supplies
        
        Poor nutrition of mother and babies
        
        Greater number of children born to mothers
        
        Sortage of medical Services
  - - - Developed Countries have low death rate because
        
        Good housing
        
        Safe water supplies
        
        More than enough food to eat
        
        Advanced Medical Services
  - - - The population pyramid is wide at base which means that there are large population of younger people in the country. It tapers very quickly as you go into older age group and is narrow at the top
    - - Developed Country Population Pyramid is narrow at the base, wider in middle and stays wide until very top, as there is a sizable percentage of older people
  - - - Undeveloped Countires Have Higher Birth rate because:
        
        Many Parents will have a lot of children in the expectation that some will die because of the high infant mortality rate.
        
        Large families can help in looking after farm
        
        Hoping that children will be able to look after their parents as they age or become sick
    - - There is a ready availability of contraception and family planning advice.
      - Increasing sexuality has meant women have more control over their own fertility
      - More woman prefer to concentrate on their carrers
      - It is expensive to look after large famailes
  - - - First - The first great wave of Immigration began with founding of United States. These early immigrants came mostly from northern Europe. Many were escaping poverty and hunger
      - Second - Second wave of Immigrants begna to arrive from eastern and southern Europe. many were refugees fleeing war or persecution because of religion beleifs.
      - Third - The third great wave of Migration began in 1960s and is still going on till today. Between 1970 and 2003 about 24 million moved to united States. About 75 percent came from Latin America and Asia
    - - Immigrants are people that are moving to a place
      - Emigrants are people leaving the country they live in.
    - - Involves moving from one region of a country to another.
    - - Occurs when migrants move from one country to another.
    - - Occurs when people step by step move up in hie archly of locations
        
        Example : With each move the migrants imrove their situation (economically, setting, the stage for future migration)
    - - Occurs when a pioneering group settles in a new place, establishing a new migrant foothold
    - - Occurs when workers migrate for temporary periods and then return to their home country.
        
        Example - Receiving country benefit from cheaper/ hard to fill labor.
    - - These are the factor that motivate migration
        
        Push Factor
        
        Something that encourage people to leave their country
        
        Pull factor
        
        Something that encourage people to move into new country
    - - Refugees
        
        Refugees are people who have been forced to leave their country due to war persecution, natural diseases, etc.
      - Asylum
        
        Many times, Refugees are running for their life and Asylum is protection granted by nation to a refugees seeking help.
- - - - Separate territory according to natural features in the landscapes
        
        Mountains
        
        Deserts
        
        River
    - - How much of a claim can a country make one the water that touch it's boundries
      - The United Nation has led the world's effort in creating boundaries of shared waters
      - The UN Convention on the law of the Seas
    - - Countries with territory on a coast exercise complete sovereignty up to 12 miles from shoreline
      - However, ships from other countries have right to " Innocent Passing"
      - The " Contiguous Zone" is a band of water extending from the edge of territorial water up to 24 miles from the coast.
      - The states can control over up to 200 miles for paroling because people cant import bad things like drugs
      - A country can claim up to 200 miles of territory beyond its shoreline as an "exclusive economic zone"
      - Outside of 200 miles is considered international waters
      - The 2 or more countries involved will divide up the water evenly. The rule is called " Median-line principle"
    - - Definitional
        
        When border are interpreted two different ways by state
      - Locational
        
        When the border moves, like a river changing course or a lake drying up
      - Operational
        
        When borders are agreed to but passage across the border is a problem
      - Allocational
        
        When resource lies on two sides of a border. Who gets what?
    - - Compact States
        
        The distance from the center to any boundary is about the same
      - Prorupted State
        
        An otherwise compact spate woth a large projecting extension
      - Elongated States
        
        A long thin state
      - Fragmented State
        
        A state that is separated by a physical or human barrier
      - Perforated State
        
        A perforated state completely surrounds another
  - - - Centripetal
        
        Factors that hold together the social and political fabric of a country.
        
        National Pride
        
        A Well Liked Leader
        
        Shared Energy
        
        Healthy Economy
        
        Equality
      - Centrifugal
        
        Factors that tear apart the social/political fabric of the country
        
        Political Issues
        
        Ethnic, Racial, or Religion Differences
        
        Political Polarization
        
        Failing Economy
        
        Confrontational Media
      - Ethnonationalism