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Main factors affecting the understanding of the causes of illness and…
Main factors affecting the understanding of the causes of illness and disease
Institutions- the British government
did not want to help improve the understanding of disease
much of the 19th century
not interested in getting involved in everyday life
people gained the ability to vote
government more willing to intervene
more interested in practical solutions to the problems of epidemics
epidemics like cholera and typhoid
Germ Theory offered no practical solution to problem of disease
they did not promte it
Science
second part of the Scientific Revolution
focused on finding answers to the big questions
strong desire
to prove new theories
to provide practical solutions to scientific problems
improved communications
enabled scientists to share their work with each other
scientists able to read the work of their peers and to draw their own conclusions and theories
John Tyndall
1870
theory about germs causing disease was based on the work of Pasteur and Lister
ideas shared across different branches of science
Pasteur's work on animal diseases inspired other scientists to use his methods to diagnosis human diseases
Technology
most important piece of technology for the Germ Theory
the microscope
improvements
clearer images
higher magnification
made it possible to spot most microorganisms
but not all
viruses
too small that can only be seen with a very powerful microscope
The petri dish
developed by Joseph Petri
Koch's collegue
Koch's new way of developing bacteria
led to experiments with dye
to better observe the bacteria
Individuals
Most important
Pasteur
Koch
Without them
might have taken longer for the Germ Theory to develope
dozens of other scientists whose individual contributions helped put pieces of the puzzle into place
John Tyndall
Joseph Lister
Attitudes in society
Help
The Enlightenment
People were more interested in finding the reason for disease than they had been in previous centuries
more interested in rational explanations for disease
city life
overcrowded
poor living conditions
dangerous outbreaks in disease
many people horrified
what they saw on the streets
the impact bad health had on the poor
unhealthy population could not go to work
religious reformers and businessmen agreed something needed to be done to solve epidemics problem
Hinderance
people reluctant to change their minds
slowed the spread of Germ Theory
took a long time to show that specific microbes were always present when people were suffering from a particular disease
Until this proof was provided Germ Theory was not accepted as a fact
proved in 1880s onwards