Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Evolution of Management (Classical Approaches (Pre-classical (Robert Owen …

- - - - Frederick Winslow Taylor - studied the relationship between workers and the job they performed. Aimed at continuously increasing the efficiency of the production process
        
        4 principles
        
        Science, not rule of thumb
        
        Scientific selection of worker
        
        Scientific training or workers
        
        Management and labour cooperation
      - Frank Gilbreth & Lilian Gilbreth - contribute to scientific management was in fatigue and motion studies
      - Henry L. Gantt - developed (1) Gantt Chart for planning, scheduling and controlling and (2) Tasks & binus system for encouraging supervisors to coach workers who had difficulties
    - - 6 principles
        
        specialization & division of labour
        
        management by rules
        
        impersonality
        
        formal hierarchical authority structure
        
        technical competence
        
        formal, written communicatio
      - Advantages
        
        skills specialization of workers
        
        usage of formal organizational rules and procedures
        
        fairness in nature
        
        promotion & career development based on performance
        
        clear management hierarchy
    - - 5 functions of management
        
        Planning - forecast events that may affect an organization & develop suitable organizational plans
        
        Organizing - manager must determine the suitable combination of organizational resources
        
        Commanding - giving instructions to subordinates Managers practice 2 way communication
        
        Coordinating - all activities must harmonize for organizations to function best
        
        Controlling - to ensure that actual activities are consistent with the planned activities
      - Fayol's principles of management
        
        division of work
        
        authority & responsibility
        
        discipline
        
        unity of command
        
        remuneration
- - - - Study jobs to identify individuals best suited to a particular jobs
      - identify psychological conditions for workers to achieve optimum efficiency
      - Find ways to direct behaviour of individual employees to be in harmony with management's interests
    - - integration - all workers should integrate to reach organization's goal
      - genuine power is not coercive but coactive
      - group power is valued over personal power
    - - he understands the communication
      - he believes that it is consistent with the organization's purposes
      - he believes it to be in line with his needs & those of other employees
      - he is mentally and physically able to comply with it